Answer the quiz questions by giving the answers only

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Remaining Time: 1 hour, 59 minutes, 01 second. Question Completion Status:QUESTION 1The theory of the solution asserts thatno one theory alone can explain a health issueevery health issue is best approached using the most relevant theory to guide the intervention activitiesthe best approach to a health issue requires applying different strategies at multiple levels with each affected populationusing multiple theories is too daunting and should not be considered3 points QUESTION 2The new public health emphasizesthe medical paradigman ecological approachthe role of individual behavior in shaping healtha downstream approachboth b and c3 points QUESTION 3A colonoscopy done on a person who is age 50 is considered a secondary preventative measure. True False3 points QUESTION 4Illness behavior is most often associated with which level of prevention?PrimarySecondaryTertiaryNone of the above3 points QUESTION 5The United States spends considerably more on health care costs than other industrialized countries. True False3 points QUESTION 6An example of primary prevention is:Fluoride in drinking waterHealth screeningsRehabilitationAntibiotic usage3 points QUESTION 7Theory in the context of health promotion does NOTenhance understanding of the determinants of a particular health behaviorinform what variables should be measured in health promotion researchprovide universal explanations for complex problemshelp guide specific activities and strategies 3 points QUESTION 8The “Rose Curve” has multiple implications for public health. Identify which statement below is incorrect regarding the Rose Curve:Population health may be achieved through small changes in daily behavior among the masses.Interventions designed for high-risk populations should be the main focus of public health efforts.Cutting off the tail of the curve does nothing to change the distribution of the disease in the population.Moving the mean of the distribution corresponds with a prevention orientation.3 points QUESTION 9The definition of health, as defined by the World Health Organization, is merely the absence of disease. True False3 points QUESTION 10Which of the following is considered a sick-role behavior?attending alcohol anonymous meetingsgetting annual mammogramadherence to statin (cholesterol-lowering) medication for patients with cardiovascular diseasetaking highly active antiretroviral medication prophylacticallynone of the above3 points QUESTION 11What caused the shift from infectious diseases to chronic diseases from the 1800s to now?Behavioral and lifestyle changesBetter public health practices regarding infectious diseasesBetter medical care and technologyA and BNone of the above3 points QUESTION 12Despite being a world “super-power,” the United States ranks poorly – compared to other industrialized nations – on multiple health indicators. Which statement best explains why this is true.Over 40 million U.S. residents do not have health insuranceTechnological advances have created so many environmental carcinogens (cancer-causing agents) that cancer has become epidemic.The U.S. education system has failed – the result is poor public health.Investments in medical treatment rather than prevention and escalating rates of chronic disease.3 points QUESTION 13Which of the statements below is the least accurate regarding “theory”?Theory keeps us from randomly attempting to change behavior, moves us beyond intuition.Interventions informed by well-tested theories are not effective in changing behavior (compared to interventions that are not based on theory).Theory helps us to develop an organized, systematic, and efficient approach to investigating health behaviors.Theory can inform the identification of hypothesized mediators, the actual intervention strategies as well as evaluation approaches.3 points QUESTION 14Based on your understanding of this chapter, which health behavior would you consider to be “complex”?Quitting smokingBrushing your teethGetting a flu shotWearing your seat belt3 points QUESTION 15The frequency of a health behavior has no impact on the difficulties of changing it. True False3 points QUESTION 16Health policies serve as a proximal influence on health behavior. True False3 points QUESTION 17You identify a behavior that is non-volitional. Which type of intervention are you more likely to focus on to change that behavior?Individual-levelEnvironmental-level3 points QUESTION 18A highly complex health behavior has few components. True False3 points QUESTION 19Proximal influences are synonymous with distal influences. True False3 points QUESTION 20Which health behavior is frequent and repetitive, therefore potentially harder to change/adhere to?Getting a tetanus shotGetting a mammogramMaintaining a low fat, low sodium dietHaving your vision tested3 points QUESTION 21Regarding condom use, women’s control over the situation with her male partner would best be described as:VolitionalNon-volitional3 points QUESTION 22Distal influences demonstrate an immediate and noticeable influence on health behaviors. True False3 points QUESTION 23A countywide smoking ordinance which restricts smoking in restaurants and bars would be considered a ______ factor to changing smoking-related behavior.ProximalDistalExcellent3 points QUESTION 24Theory allows for more successful and effective health interventions. True False3 points QUESTION 25Having knowledge of the benefit of a health protective behavior easily overcomes perceived social cost of performing that behavior. True False3 points QUESTION 26IMB in IMB Model stands for:The Informed-Motives-Behavioral Skills ModelThe Information-Motivational-Based Behavioral Change ModelThe Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills ModelThe Informal-Mobility-Behavior Skills Model3 points QUESTION 27According to the TRA, both attitude toward the health behavior and subjective norms do not independently contribute to the formation of behavioral intent. True False3 points QUESTION 28Neither the Theory of Reasoned Action nor the Theory of Planned Behavior is qualified as Value-Expectancy models. True False3 points QUESTION 29Which statement best describes theory of reasoned action?Benefits of protective health behavior are expected to reasonably outweigh the costs.Social influences reasonably out way the cost of behavioral change.People fail to change their behavior to avoid going against the grain of social norms.3 points QUESTION 30The Theory of Reasoned Action includes a focus on perceptions about:Cultural viewsEmotional responsesSocial influences3 points QUESTION 31The theory of planned behavior is simply the theory of reasoned action with a third constructed added called perceived behavior control. True False3 points QUESTION 32Inhibiting factors are always internal to the person. True False3 points QUESTION 33When a female student in high school considers becoming pregnant before graduating she takes into account the impressions and opinions of her peers, parents and other family and significant people. Her behavior change teeters on the _____I_______ and her _______II_______.I = subjective norm toward the behavior, II = financial statusI = students’ desirability, II = affection for babiesI = subjective norm towards the behavior, II = motivation to complyI = theory of reasoned action, II = motivation to comply3 points QUESTION 34According to the Theory of Planned Behavior, the perception of control is based on an intersection of factors internal to the person making the decision and their cognitive evaluation of those internal factors. True False3 points QUESTION 35The two independent constructs that precede intent in the theory of reasoned action are subjective norms and cognitive dissonance. True False3 points QUESTION 36An important focus of the Theory of Reasoned Action is generating intent. True False3 points QUESTION 37Facilitating and inhibiting factors in the TPB are based on only on individual perceptions. True False3 points QUESTION 38The basic premise of both PMT and EPPM is when individuals are faced with a scary stimulian automatic appraisal is triggeredcognitive assessments of the situation are madereactions are generally consistentboth a and b3 points QUESTION 39Which of the following statements are true?As perceived threat and expected net grain increase, likelihood of action increasesAs perceived threat and expected net gain increase, likelihood of action decreasesAs perceived threat increases and expected net gain decreases, likelihood of action increasesAs perceived threat decreases and expected net gain increases, likelihood of action increases3 points QUESTION 40When combining the constructs “perceived severity” and “perceived susceptibility,” you get the level of perceived threat imposed. True False3 points QUESTION 41Perceived threat is actually a compound of two elementary constructs. True False3 points QUESTION 42One’s perceptions are not important in the mental math equation; the costs and benefits of behavior change are typically clear cut and do not vary from person to person. True False3 points QUESTION 43The threat appraisal process refers to assessing the seriousness of a health threat. True False3 points QUESTION 44According to the EPPM, fear appeal messages that are accepted result in engaging in a danger control process. True False3 points QUESTION 45In the absence of a clear expected net gain, people are likely to act. True False3 points QUESTION 46Response efficacy and self-efficacy are both part of the threat appraisal process. True False3 points QUESTION 47The health belief model can be simply applied by excluding analysis of modifying factors. True False3 points QUESTION 48Which of the following is least likely to be a common modifying factor?HeightAgeSocioeconomic statusGender3 points QUESTION 49Which of the following is most similar to a flight response?only taking drugs to lower your cholesterolsmoking cessationhaving gastric bypass surgerytaking highly active antiretroviral therapy as a preventativenone of the above3 points QUESTION 50The health belief model was initially used to identify determinants of being screened for HIV. True False3 points Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answers.

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