Health Policy Change Essay

The IOM Future of Nursing report calls for an increase in leadership from nurses at all levels. One way nurses demonstrate their role as a leader, is through public policy change. A leader does not always carry an official title or position, but demonstrates leadership through the work and the stance the leader takes to make a change for the good of others. Nurses have been noted by the Gallop poll year after year as the most trusted professionals.Health Policy Change Essay

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This assignment requires thought about a public policy that is needed or needs to be changed that relates to nursing, health care, or the public. Policy changes can occur by working with members of your legislature, and state or national nurses associations, to introduce a new bill and/or change to a current law in your state or federal government.

Examples of public policy includes any component of the current legislation governing health care, Medicare Part D, Medicaid, nursing regulation, medication technicians, etc. (N:B For this assignment, please write on WORK PLACE VIOLENCE IN THE HEALTHCARE )Health Policy Change Essay

In 750-1,000 words, propose a health policy change (that is currently a bill, a law, or may not exist at all) at the state or federal level that you believe needs to change and why.(N:B For this assignment, please write on WORK PLACE VIOLENCE IN THE HEALTHCARE)

1. The policy must not be a clinical care policy for individual care. The policy involved may include public or community health, legislative or regulatory, professional organization (nursing-oriented), advanced nursing practice, health plan, or hospital plan.

2. Include a specific section for the exact wording for the bill or change in wording of the law.

3. Include the plan for the implementation of your policy development, to lobbying for passage, to next steps after passage.Health Policy Change Essay

4. Discuss who would be the champion for the bill/law change from your state advocates (legislators, federal legislators, local or national state nursing organizations). Are these individuals also influential in making changes occur? Did you vote for the individual in office that you want to help you make this change?

Resources:

1. Review different pieces of legislation for ideas on wording.

2. Visit your state’s legislative governmental affairs website site to understand the process your policy change could take if you wanted to introduce to into legislation.

Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide. An abstract is not required.

(N:B Once again for this assignment, please write on WORK PLACE VIOLENCE IN THE HEALTHCARE)Health Policy Change Essay

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.Health Policy Change Essay

ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS

Discussion Questions (DQ)

Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation

Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.Health Policy Change Essay
APA Format and Writing Quality

Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes

I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.Health Policy Change Essay

LopesWrite Policy

For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.
Late Policy

The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.Health Policy Change Essay
Communication

Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.

One of the must have necessities of a human being is the provision of sound health care and every government, both national or local is obligated to offer this essential service to all the citizens without favor or any discrimination of any kind. Where else it is paramount that every employer to make sure the health and the safety of the employees are given the first priory. This will make sure the employees who are injured during the work are taken care of, and they are relieved the burden of the cost of health care. Thus, it is common to find most companies get the services of insurance companies and other organizations which provide health care programs for workers such as IndUShealth to make sure the welfare of the employees is in safe…show more content…
If you were a hospital administrator, how would you react when a number of patients and companies began to ask to bargain about prices, including presenting quotations from companies like IndUShealth? Health Policy Change Essay
As a health administrator, my priority is to make sure the patient get a good health care which is the value for the money and affordable to all the citizens from all walks of life. Therefore, bargaining for the prices is a welcome initiative since the hospitals is not a profit making institution. Furthermore, all the human beings do not have the same income. This makes it rational to negotiate for prices to make sure the system cover all the patients. Thus, as administrator my first reaction is to listen to the suggestions given by the patients and other organization to get their point of view as to why they think the prices should come down.
After getting the views and suggestions all discuss this with hospital management and other stakeholders of the hospital to come with a reasonable prices which will make sure the health care provide by the hospital is affordable to everyone and is best quality. As much the patient may wish the prices to be reduced the quality of the health care cannot be compromised to the expenses of providing cheap health care. The prices being suggested should be in a position to support the normal functioning of the hospital.
Moreover, it is essential to make sure the suggested prices by

Simultaneously, health and healthcare policy plays a tremendous role in the quality of life of every American. Likewise, by the government constantly interceding, health and healthcare is significantly influenced by the political climate and undertakings of administration; therefore creating a conflictual split between republicans and democrats. Health care is regarded as a product rather than a human right shaped by policymaking. Policies establish healthcare service stipulations, which are rooted in local, state, and federal statutes combined with landmark court decisions. Not only does policy focus on healthcare services; but, it also places a substantial emphasis on cost-efficiency and equality.
Globally, the United States has one of the largest and most convoluted healthcare systems, whereas universal healthcare coverage seems extremely farfetched. Annually, the US spends over $3 trillion on healthcare. Nevertheless, we have the worst health outcomes when compared to other industrialized countries. As stated by Anja Rudiger (2008), “Recent data suggest that around 101,000 deaths a year can be attributed to the underperformance of the US healthcare system.” Thus, the United States’ healthcare system greatly relies on revenue. Both funding and the distribution of services are commercially structured and held accountable by investors to increase financial gains. According to Andrew Jameton and Jessica Pierce (1997) Health Policy Change Essay

The role of a nurse in health care and health policy
The legislative process is a pivotal process that shapes the health care policy within the country. The US healthcare system requires a lot of influencing and lobbying in order to adopt or to implement the necessary health care reform policies. The nurses are the relevant people to push for these reforms through their associations or alliances e.g. The Nursing Organizations Alliance (NOA).

The nurses hold the most influential position in driving for the necessary healthcare reforms; this is because of their numbers, expertise and also their positions. The evidence of these numbers is demonstrated by a statistical report which shows that in every 44 female voters in the US there is one nurse. Secondly, in every 100 voters there is one nurse. Finally, there is evidence that there are 100,000 nurses in every congressional district (source: Leavitt, 2003).Health Policy Change Essay

Given the position and the well earned respect for nurses by the American public (The Gallup poll has shown that nurses are top ranking when it comes to ‘Honesty and Ethics in profession’).All these factors are evidence that the nurses can indeed influence the healthcare policy and the policy makers. There is need for nurses to develop an interest and an understanding in the legislative process if they are to be knowledgeable of the political environment, which is a determinant in the making of the health care policies.

Nurses play a very important role in advocating for the rights of their patients, this is so because they are at the best position of understanding the healthcare needs of the patients and this therefore gives them the authority to advocate for better health care reform policies for these patients.Health Policy Change Essay

Nurses must therefore move from the reactive response approach to a more strategically planned approach with regard to the changing healthcare policies. Another role of a nurse in health policy is to understand these policies; this directly implies that nurses must know the people to influence, how to influence these people and the right time to influence these people. A nurse also needs to be politically aware in order to stay abreast with the changing issues in the political environment and this is done through a network of nursing organization that keeps the nurses informed of the changing political affairs.Health Policy Change Essay

The nurses must also form strategic alliances with other organization in order for them to remain influential and to have a stronger voice in advocating for reforms. The alliances create or result to the creation of a bigger impact. Nurses must be very decisive in their approach to health care policies and this can be done through them taking an active role in making recommendations to health care bills when they are brought to the public for consultations. The nurses also have a responsibility in being or holding positions where they can be consulted with regard to health care policy issues e.g. there are three nurses in the US congress namely Eddie Bernice Johnson, Carolyn McCarthy, and Lois Capps.Health Policy Change Essay

The current issues and problems
The American healthcare system has been facing numerous challenges. The sudden paradigm shift from a healthcare system based on provision of quality care to one that is guided by the market based economic models, has led to the urgent need for the health care reforms. One of the major problems that were faced by the US healthcare system was the increasing customer demand for reduced healthcare costs and the adoption of a structured business plan, played a role in the erosion of the public’s concept of an ideal healthcare as that of humanitarian service.Health Policy Change Essay

This particular flawed model led to increased nursing malpractice law suits and even patient errors (This was described by the American Hospital Association as the ‘worst disaster to hit the American hospitals’, and this was in the year 1995.There have been many institutions taking the fore front in looking at the American healthcare flawed system and these include the Health Research and Service Administration (HRSA) and the Institute Of Medicine (IOM).Another problem is the increased number of American deaths due to avoidable medical errors and these numbers are estimated to stand at a staggering 98,000.

It can be argued that the current healthcare system is on the brink of collapse and all the positive aspects of this system maintained. It is also undeniable that the registered nurses (RN) are the key ingredient to a better health care policy. They also form the largest number of healthcare professionals (are about 2.4 million).There is a developing trend in terms of shortage in the number of qualified nurses; this has tampered with the efficient access to safe and quality health care. The supply of new nurses getting into the healthcare system is incomparable to the number of RNs demanded by the healthcare system (There are fewer RNs compared to the new ones getting into the market)Health Policy Change Essay

It would be too general and maybe inaccurate to claim that the health care system is in need of more nurses but it would be accurate to point out the fact that the healthcare system is in need of highly educated and very professional nurses who are in tune with the ever changing health care industry (the technology, advanced medical practices et cetra).

The projection made by the US bureau of labour Statistics Statistics has estimated that there will be an increased need of more than one million new and replacement nurses by the year 2016. (This increase will help deal with the increased demand for the nurses within the healthcare system. The other problem is the Nurse faculty Shortage, , the nursing educational system is also equally strained, and this is mainly due to the limitations in capacity within this learning institutions. Last year alone there were 40,285 qualified applicants who were denied student positions within the baccalaureate and nursing programmes. The reason for this is because of limited faculty positions of about 7.6% (source: Special Survey on Vacant Faculty Positions by AACN in July 2008)Health Policy Change Essay

Increasing the number of qualified and highly educated nurses (specifically those with a baccalaureate degree or possible higher) ); the reason for this recommendation is because of the increase in acute patients who suffer from multiple health complications e.g. (diabetes, obesity) and therefore demand more independent nursing personnel who are more critical in their decision making, take the place of traditional care givers and also train patients on ways of maintaining good health.
Recommendations have also been made by the National Advisory Council on Nurse Education and Practice, the US Secretary for Health and Human Services and also by the policy advisors to the congress on the need for About two thirds of the practicing nurses to hold a baccalaureate degree or higher (in the nursing profession) by the year 2010.Only 47.2 % of nurses are holders of degrees at the baccalaureate level or above. There are also efforts from the AACN, ANA (American nursing association) and also the American Organization of Nurse Executives to have the RNS to get education at the baccalaureate level or even more.

The second solution is to Reauthorizing the Title VIII Nursing Work force Development Programmes (they are authorized under the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C.296 et Seq).The Nursing Workforce Development programs have in the past addressed various issues of nursing shortages which range from retention, recruitment to education. The Title VIII program usually Award education grants to schools of nursing and also more direct support to nursing students through loans, scholarships, and traineeships. This ensures that qualified nurses are available to give qualified health care.Health Policy Change Essay

Public policy is the actions taken by the government and the goals that influence those actions. Public policies affect individuals in many ways, ranging from health, economic, environmental, and educational factors (Stewart, Hedge, & Lister, 2007). Health care is seen as an essential public policy.Health Policy Change Essay

Health care is evaluated or assessed on the aspects of publicly provided health care to the citizens of a given country. The welfare herein comprises of both curative and preventive measures, both of which are tailored towards achieving the set policies that concern the general public.

This is done by analyzing the combination of local level data and information from the public health and their welfare; individual levels of data and information are also used in the analysis. The individual data in this case is based on the how satisfactory life is, the main interest being on the health care policy.Health Policy Change Essay

On the broader spectrum, huge expenditures on health care systems are directly related to the life’s satisfaction derived by individuals and the general public, the generational effects being the baseline of the benefits of the public policy adopted for the variant groups and the diverse needs that need to be met in the health care sector.

The combination of the fundamental aspect of health policy can be used to ascertain the theoretical hypotheses generated from welfare effects on public health provision and how these effects differ across the different groups of population.Health Policy Change Essay

It is important to note that health care policy evaluation is dependent on the individuals’ political orientation, which consequently yields differences in the opinion of assessment of the problems in the public health care system policies. This research paper seeks “to address the operation ability of the health care welfare policy.

It further considers the problems associated with it as a public policy, with the evolution and evaluation of the policy being of the main focus.

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These interests are assessed on the basis of how the health policy is structured to deal with emerging issues in the sector, alongside the policies and measures put in place to ensure its ability to perform, and approaches and recommendations that oversee its long term sustainability with research incorporated”.Health Policy Change Essay

Health Care Public Policy Problem: The Scope and Nature
The issue of health care affects everyone, ranging from families worrying about their children to government officials being worried about the increasing cost of health care. Workers, doctors, and hospitals are also concerned with the responsibility of delivering proper health care.

The value of Health care services determines the welfare state associated with them. Health care policy is considered a public policy since it is by greater extent provided by the government through the relevant agencies due to the externalities associated with it, if it is provided through the normal market model.

It is therefore non-rival and non-excludable from any individual in the population. Most of these services are mostly offered for free or at highly subsidized prices by the government (Williams & Torrens, 2007).

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The welfare associated with the provision of medical care and services constitute public policy problem in this concept. An attempt to value public goods is more or less complex, and consequently requires special treatment of variables considered.Health Policy Change Essay

The welfare measure of any health system is followed by preference methodology from the participants in that particular package. Assessing the welfare herein is based on the individuals’ life satisfaction and health status derived from health care.

It is important to note that health is a derived demand rather than a direct demand. Health is not directly purchased, but it is rather achieved through consumption of health care services (Frey and Stutzer, 2005).

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The use of life satisfaction to analyze how well a given health policy is also useful in the assessment of the contribution of private sector in the health system, thereby presenting the applicability of the private goods in the health system.

In both public and private health concerns, the bottom line is that the happiness or satisfaction derived from the activities of both parties constitutes the objective that the public policies for health care purport to play.

For the challenges faced therein, counter measures are formulated and implemented based on the already available data on public health care services and the expected achievements for the sector, right from the goals and mission of such policies.Health Policy Change Essay

The major problem in the assessment of the welfare of health care services and the general public policies developed for such purposes is that the value to assign with the general feeling of the individuals is difficult to ascertain.

It has been evident in other studies that the Haw-Thorne effect makes it difficult for individuals to respond to stimulus, especially when they realize the data is meant to achieve some results for the health sector (Bjornskoy, Dreher, and Fisher, 2007). Therefore, they determine how policies are to be structures, either positively or negatively.

Public Policy Evolution
Health care policy formulation and implementation has been characterized by government’s interests since mid-1970s. These concerns were tailored by the objective of the governments to improve the welfare of the larger population in a country.

Health care systems have been viewed as primary legal and objective tools that effectively communicate needs and achievements of both the government and the population for whom these policies are meant to serve. On the same note, health care professionals have played an important role in the determination of end-of-life interests for the population since that time (Reeve & Peerbhoy, 2007).

The interaction of all parties involved in the process spell out the goals, objectives and proper instructions to be followed in the development of a health care system.Health Policy Change Essay

Further, a proxy decision maker is identified by the rules and regulations that govern the system, especially in times of incapacity, so as to ensure the coherence in the general interest of pursuing these policies. Over the years, improvement and reforms have been considered the fundamentals of health care policy.

End-of-life legal landscape evolvement and the advance directives laws have provided continuity in the evolution of policies that focus on health care systems and their welfare to the society. Paradigm shifts have also tailored change for the betterment of health sector, alongside statutory backup that traces its roots back in history and further relates that to the present.Health Policy Change Essay

Research and development in the health care and health system welfare has led to the emergence of strategies that are tailored towards improving the usefulness and evaluation of usability in the health sector.

The effectiveness and efficiency of the evaluations are dependent on the specific frameworks adopted by the government on the implementation of the health care services and the control over the personnel charged with the responsibility of overseeing the success of the system (Reeve & Peerbhoy, 2007).

Furthermore, evaluation is mainly based on the experimental procedures in the sector, where each stage of the experiment provides an evaluation model of the associated results at that particular stage. Pilot studies can be done before the actual study in to determine the variables that better fit the experimentation and further evaluation of the policies.Health Policy Change Essay

Actors in evaluation
Cost s– the cost of evaluating a policy should not exceed the general benefit associated with it to the public and its long term welfare should be based on relatively to the next several generations.

Roles – the evaluation procedure should be tailored towards ascertaining if the policy will actually meet its purpose and how it is sustainable.

Variable relations – public policy evaluation should incorporate all the aspects of the health care system that it purports to serve, determining the relevant relationship among the variables, and consequently outlining how the variables affect each other under different factor treatments that are likely to occur in the health sector.Health Policy Change Essay

The Intergovernmental Structure and Political Concerns
Health policy is essentially a member states competence. However, the European Union has presently raised some alarm and some uncertainties concerning the way activities are being carried out in both the pharmaceutical industries and public health interests.

An indispensable aspect in the health care policy in the European Union is the balance between the public health and the health care on one hand and industrial policy on the other hand. The public policy approach tries to take great interest on the problems, the actors involved, the resources used, and also on the patterns on interaction in EU’s health policy (Reeve & Peerbhoy, 2007).Health Policy Change Essay

The government is implicated to ascertain on the way the decisions are made and implemented, and the impacts the policies within the health care welfare will affect the community. In enhancing better health care to the entire community, it is the role of the government to analyze and select the actors involved in the health sector.

In addition, the government should oversee how different responsibilities and roles have been assigned to different interest groups and whether the requirements are met. It is also in this aspect that the role of national governments and EU institutions is determined and how well they interact within the laid down health care policies (Weible, 2007).

The Approaches to Policy Setting
Policies formulated and implemented within health care takes place as a result of the interactive process that happens between numerous key players or actors guided by their own interests and strategies.Health Policy Change Essay

Basing on the case of EU and its related health care issues, it is import to note that this is one of the sectors that is composed of different interests in opposition: public health and health care and the industrial policy.

To better understand the EU policy making process and the intergovernmental relations that exist within the health care policy, the interested groups or members have to apply for an advocacy coalition framework (ACF). As specified, this is only within the European Union context.

ACF gives a theoretical understanding of the interaction that subsists between the policy making process and intergovernmental relations within the European Union health care sector. In enhancing an effective and efficient health care, there is a need to have policy subsystem that should be dynamic and has multiple actors who structure their relationship into the advocacy coalition.Health Policy Change Essay

The actors involved are also moved by the policy beliefs and to an extent they may try to influence the policies by use of multiple resources and various venues. According to the views provided by ACF, healthy care policies may be perceived as a process that involves competition between a coalition of actors who advocate beliefs about the policy problems and solutions (Gask et al, 2005).

The competition that takes place is essential as it will help in maintaining the social security of the communities within the region that receives its services. Such competition must be placed within policy subsystems to remain effective in rendering services to the communities.Health Policy Change Essay

In essence, the policy subsystem may be defined as a set of actors who are actively concerned with implementing an issue and therefore seek to influence the public policy that is directly related to it. However, the pharmaceutical subsystem within the health care system may be polarized between a pro-industry advocacy coalition and an anti-industry advocacy coalition.

The division between these two coalitions is mainly due to their policy preferences: one of the coalitions is mainly aimed at increasing and protecting the pharmaceutical interests while the other coalition is aimed at overseeing that public health provided superimposes the industrial interests.

However, in the process of ensuring that the two coalitions work in conjunction with one another, all in the common goal of providing effective health care services, conflicts may arise.Health Policy Change Essay

The conflicts may be driven by normative beliefs and this may make even the implementation of the policies to be difficult. Such a problem may not persist for long, considering that the policies made in such a scenario are EU related and they are therefore established on the bases of consensus. Another advantage is that the political process involved in their formation and implementation is not usually a zero-sum game.

In such a case negotiations are required in the policies made. The basis of making negotiations will depend on the features of the political system and also on particular context factors. For instance, the higher the extent of consensus used in making the policies, the higher the rate of compromise created for incentives for broker’s action across the coalition (Reeve & Peerbhoy, 2005).

In the policy making process, a combination of both the intergovernmental negotiations and supranational centralization is necessary. The commission involved in making policies has a duty to draw up the proposal required, and then a decision on the efficiency of the proposal is passed on by the council members.

The commission is also responsible for the conflicts that may arise out of the decisions that they may have initiated which violate the rights of the council members. In making sure that the rights of the council members are not violated, the commission is compelled to involve the consensus in coming up with quality decisions regarding the policies.Health Policy Change Essay

If it is discovered that the policy proposals were reached upon without the involvement of the consensus, they can be blocked by intergovernmental haggling (Scharpf, 2000).

The Suggested Policy Direction that is supported by Research
According to this research, it would be essential if the members involved in the health care could be in a position to entirely change the whole system used in rendering services to the patients.

It would also be the responsibility of the commission to strategically ensure that all resources and venues essential for the quality decisions are available to avoid the deadlock.Health Policy Change Essay

For quality and effective policies, the commission should also suggest and encourages exchange of information and opinions among the stakeholders, supportive networks, from the public among others (Reeve & Peerbhoy, 2005).

Such changes would be very imperative in enhancing better health care for the interest of the whole public. Therefore, an adequate health care system should have an objective of enabling citizens to access quality health care in a cost effective way. Proper health care can be achieved when there are enough finances to support the costly diagnostic tests and processes, and lengthy stays for inpatients.

Conclusion
It is evident from the above discussion and concepts that investment in health is expensive. In this regard, increasing expenditures are directly proportional to the life satisfaction of the general public. However, differences across the population groups are evident, with the willingness to pay or invest in health varying across the groups.Health Policy Change Essay

These differences occur due to the fact that the willingness to pay for publicly provided private services like health is mainly non-monotonic in the level of income of the population. In essence this research paper has addressed “the operation ability of the health care policy.

It further considered the problems associated with it as a public policy, with the evolution and evaluation of the policy being of fundamental interest.

These interests were assessed on the basis of how the health policy is structured to deal with emerging issues in the sector, alongside the policies and measures put in place to ensure its functionality, and approaches and recommendations that oversee its long term sustainability with research incorporated”. In this regard, it is evident that devotion of monetary resources to public service and provision of health care is positively related to the well being of the population.Health Policy Change Essay

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Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

 

 

Nursing theory

Name:

Institution:

Course:

Date:

 

Introduction

Theories, conceptual frameworks, middle-range theories, and philosophies are relatively new components in the nursing profession. They have developedalasting as well as powerfuleffect on education, training, as well as in development of professional nurses(Crowley, 2014).These concepts have also affected patient care as well as the outcomes in day-to-day nursing practice.Nursing profession is continually evolving and defining itself. Therefore, new nursing philosophies and theories will be required to guide the nurses in their practices(Crowley, 2014).Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

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Nursing theory

The theory which describes nursing in the way which I think about it is anursing theory.Nursing theory can be described as a body of knowledge which is utilized to support the nursing practice. Nursing theory refers to the framework which is developed to organize knowledge then explain the phenomena found in nursing in a more particular and concrete level(B., 2016). A nursing theory can, therefore,be described as a set of definitions, assumptions, concepts, propositions aqs well as the relationships which are derived from nursing models or other disciplines. Nursing theory discusses nurse’s roles and responsibility and the outcomes which may be expected(B., 2016). The theories explain all that is involved in the nursing phenomenon. The nursing theory gives a way of organizing the thinking of nurses through the provision of decision-making structures which in turn guides the required reasoning for quality and professional nursing practice.Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

The benefits of the nursing theory involves enhanced patient care. The enhanced patient care is on the basis of deliberate theory-guided interventions i.e. nursing power and professional status, a theoretical basis for the practice decisions, improved communication between nurses, a recognition of values of nurses and their contribution to healthcare and a roadmap for education and research(B., 2016).

Nursing practice affects the nursing practice every day. Many nurses apply several theories in their practice instead of using one theory exclusively. I would use nursing theory and a few philosophies here and there to allow me to make the best decision to fit thevarious nursing situation. Nursing theories provide underpinnings to nursing care in the encounter of every patient.The nursing theory would help me to use analytical skills, critical thinking skills and also improve my understanding of the concept(A.M., 2012). Nursing theory improves nurse-patient communication, patient care, and patient outcomes. By using nursing theory in nursing practice, new data and knowledge are gleaned, and they are capable of influencing the future of the nursing practice.

Definition of nursing, person, health, and environment

In my personal opinion, the central concepts of nursing discipline are aperson, health, environment, as well as nursing. The concepts of nursing metaparadigm are, “the person who is receiving the nursing, the environment which the person exists, ahealth-illness continuum which this person falls during the time of interaction with  nurse and the nursing actions themselves.” My personal definition of a person is arecipient of nursing care and comprises of sociological, psychological, biological and also the spiritual components(A.M., 2012). I can, therefore, define a person as the unity of mind-body-spirit or nature.Environment refers to external environment i.e. bedding, temperature, ventilation and internal i.e. medication, water, and food. It also entails discussions of the effects of community on the person and family. I can therefore personally define environment as the non-physical and energetic environment and a vibrational field which is integral with individual whereby the nurse is an environment.Health can be defined as being well and being in a position to use the power we have to use.It is based on ability of the patient to act independently(Crowley, 2014). Therefore, it is wholeness, harmony, and comfort.  Finally, nursing is managing or altering the environment so as implement natural laws of health. In implies helping the person either well or sick in the activities performance. It also implies assisting the person to obtain independence as quckly as possible. Therefore, I can personally define nursing as the reciprocal transpersonal relationship in the moments of caring which is guided by carativeCaritas and factor processes(Crowley, 2014).Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

Nursing is a calling and recipient of the nursing care are holistic people who havespiritual dimension. Therefore, they are required to provide care for spiritual requirements of their patients in the spiritual distress. Nurses are supposed to be engaged in health teaching as well as health promotion with those people who are sick and the ones who are not sick(Anne, 2010).

The definitions of person, health, environment, and nursing are endless in the context of nursing practices. A person may also refer to an embodied individual living in the universe and is a self-interpreting being(A.M., 2012). This means that the individual does not come into the universe pre-defined, though he/she is defined in course of his/her life. Health refers to human experience of wholeness or health. Nursing refers to a caring relationship which involves the study as well as care of the lived experience of illness, disease, as well as health.Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

Beliefs and/or values about nursing

Nursing is a caring profession. Caring includes aconnection with and empathy for the people. Caring canbe demonstrated in the best way by the ability of a nurse to embody several core values and beliefs of professional nursing.My theory i.e. nursing theory is the one which I will apply during my nursing professional(A.M., 2012).  It is on the basis of providing compassionate, empathetic, competent and also optimal holistic patient care to best of my ability. It will also embrace core nursing values which are important in the nursing profession such as integrity, human dignity, social justice, autonomy, and altruism. My theory stems from beliefs and values which were instilled in me in my early childhood. The beliefs and values coexist with respect, trustworthiness, and compassion, and also they mobilized me to nursing profession(Anne, 2010). In fact, they still drive me as I go on with providing care to patients, families and the community as a whole.Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

I believe that for me to keep in stride with what my theory strives to achieve, I have to perform nursing practice very seriously. Here, education and research are very important. Continued education concerning the issues relating to patient care is crucial. By conducting thourough research, a wealth of information is created, and it may be transposed to knowledge which I have already acquired, and it maysignificantly improve my skills thus enabling me to be in a position to deliver optimal quality care(A.M., 2012).

It is my belief that cultural beliefs, sexual orientation and ethnic background of patients as well as their families must be respected. In this regard, I have confident and determined in my ability go on with my nursing profession without displaying any form of discrimination.Therefore, it is my vow to practise ethical codes which are provided by American Nurses Associations as well as the Joint Commission Standards through providing safe care, confidentiality, privacy and protecting the rights of the patients and families(B., 2016). I strive to be a role model, an educator, a supporter of family values, a promoter and an advocate of disease management and awareness and to practice good health practices in the community as well as the entire world. I believedespite nursing being a profession, it is more than being a career. Nursing is a privilege which is taken upon by people who are passionate of using their skills as well as knowledge to assist individuals who are not in a position to help themselves.

Communication style

After doing an analysis of my communication style in line with my nursing profession, I found that my communication style is assertive. Assertive communication style is born of high self-esteem and respect for others. In my case, I have self-respect, and this is the reason behind the confidence which I put in my work. I also respect other including my colleagues and the patients who I take care of. Assertive communication style is the most effective and the healthiest style of communication to use(Crowley, 2014). It is, therefore, fit in the nursing profession because dealing with patients requires an effective communication type. The patients need to feel appreciated. At the same, an effective type of communication such as assertive communication will enable the nurse to dog deep into the problem of the patient. Thepatient will also be confident with the nurse, and he/she will be in a position to disclose any form of information about their problem(J, 2013).Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

In a healthcare environment, when a nurse become assertive, he/she gains the confidence to communicate without resorting to manipulation or games. As a nurse, I can ask any question to my patients without fearing them. My profession allows me to know more about the patient including confidential information about their illnesses(J, 2013). This communication style enables one to dig deep into an issue. After getting the required information, I can now be in a position to provide care to the patient comfortably.

Being the most effective type of communication, assertive communication has got some strengths. One of them is that there are self-respect and respect of those who we are communicating with(A.M., 2012). For example, when communicating with a patient, I respect myself as a nurse. I also respect the patient, and whichever information a patient disclose to me is between us. I have the responsibility to maintain a high level of secrecy and confidentiality in this communication. Secondly, when I am assertive as a nurse, I portray confidence in me, and this makes patients haveconfidence in me. This way, a patient feels safe under my care. Assertive communication also enables me as a nurse to go directly to the point. If I want to know the problem with my patient, I ask him/her without beating around the bush(Anne, 2010).Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

Being assertive also contain some weaknesses. It can show over-confidence.This can make the patient lack trust especially I over-emphasize on some issues.  Being assertive can be taken as arrogance. People are known to judge others when they are courageous in their work. New patients can term my assertiveness as arrogance, but my services can speak for me.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we can see that theories, conceptual frameworks, middle-range theories, and philosophies are very important concepts in thenursing profession. My theory, thenursing theory hasreally helped me in this profession. Through nursing theory, I am able to think critically and make informed decisions on various nursing issues brought to me by patients. Nursing theory has also transformed patient care. It has actually improved the nature and quality of patient care which we provide to patients, families and the entire community. Nurses are able to generate further nursing knowledge through the help of this theory. Nursing theory has also given nurses a sense of identity. It has also helped patients and healthcare professionals to recognize the contribution which the nurses make to the patient care. It has helped nurses understand their role and purpose in the healthcare setting.Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

Purpose
Nursing practice is both an art and a science with caring as a central concept to nursing practice and the profession of nursing. Caring is influenced by the nurse’s knowledge, skills, and attitudes formed through life long learning and experiences. The purpose of this assessment is to explore definitions of caring in nursing. Students will create a definition of caring and an artistic expression of their perception on caring.Assignment 2 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Essay.

Criteria for Content

Take a moment to reflect on how you demonstrate caring in your current professional practice.

Create an original artistic representation of your perception on caring in nursing.Drawings should be formatted on an 8 x 10 document and submitted as a PDF
Poems or short-story – word document 1 page in length
In a one- to two-page written paper, address the following.The importance of caring to nursing practice and the profession
A personal definition of caring; include principles of holistic care
Definitions of caring found in nursing literature that support your perspective on caring
An explanation of the artistic expression you chose and how it represents caring
Summary of key concepts presented in the paper Preparing the paper
A minimum of three (3) scholarly literature references must be used

You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.

Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.

Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.

The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.

 

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