Questions Uploads

Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay.

/in /by

Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay.

 

He has a clear understanding, what kinds of opportunities and threats are typical of African regional arrest, what business model is more suitable in such market conditions, and what plans his company has for future. It is possible to say, that this well-considered decision will bring new additional benefits and profits. Regarding the economic situation of that time, African market had better prospects as Southeast Asia and South America and offered numerous advantages for Investors, especially from Europe.

The best essay writers are ready to impress your teacher.
Make an order now!

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

PROCEED

Countries from African continent were the fastest growing economies in the world and the most of them were untouched by the financial crisis. Africa has the same time zone as Europe and its business cultural can be easily adapt to the European one. Africa has a service-oriented culture and the market of approximately one billion people with a rapidly growing middle class. The main disadvantage of African market Is a lack of transparency, that’s why people used to get Information from headlines.

Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay.

GET A BETTER ESSAYOUR TEAM IS READY TO WRITE
YOUR ESSAY ONHELLO HEALTHCARE: TAKING A COOPERATIVE BUSINESS…JUST FROM $13/PAGE

But for people who can Identify and realize the differences between real and perceived risk this market can provide great possibilities for development. For Mr.. Chichi’s company Africa opened different options for business operations. First of all, healthcare sector was fragmented. It means, only less than 20 per cent of population used the services of a well-funded, world-class private healthcare industry, while the rest had to use poorly run and under-resourced public facilities.

Second, the government Initiated a 14-year process of rolling out a national healthcare Insurance system. Third, growing middle class made a demand on the access to better healthcare. Mr.. Chichi chose South Africa for its unique combination of cosmopolitan and African cultures, as the first country to implement his strategy. The vibrant business culture in Africa called for a stable and correctly functioning business model that meets all the market’s requirements.

From this point of view the most appropriate model is the cooperative model that Is so popular In emerging markets: a group of people tender Jointly for business, provide preferential supplier/customer relationships to each other, share infrastructure. Using this model companies can benefit economics both scale and scope. For his potential partners Mr.. Chichi established the common strong requirements such, as profitability, experience in business in Africa, privately owned, and skilled management team.

Owing to this model the company achieved outstanding results in South Africa, Zambia, the united Arab Emirates and Ghana. Expanding the cooperative model relationships appears that is associated with coordinating and managing relationships between partners. It is also possible, that application of the existing footprints of its current partner will limit He’s expansion and make dependent on a single partner. Differences in government regulations and potential interference could cause new difficulties for the company.

From the other hand the good local network created within the cooperative model could reduce some of the risk. Mr.. Chichi has decided to expand aggressively and I think it was a correct decision. The market in Africa is opportunistic and biased toward specific opportunities. Mr.. Chichi should not forget about the operations in the already available countries, but the further international expansion will lead to new markets and new products. Also Mr..Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay.

Chichi will be able to fulfill his dream to change the people’s lives in better way and to generate “responsible profits” for his company. He began to match the proper people for Coos position in order to consolidate the existing operations by locating individual and to run local He’s business in each country. Another important management problem is, how more local healthcare providers would need to be identified in each country and than incorporated into the local cooperative. Mr..

Chichi developed the expansion plan that included six countries. Two main aspects were taken into consideration: population and infrastructure. Such countries as Botswana, Iambi and Macaque, have well-developed infrastructure and also can be supported from neighboring South Africa. High poverty and lack of infrastructure in Nigeria could cause additional difficulties to the company, but the population of 160 million people is a good support for providing company’s services ND products.Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay.

Kenya and Senegal were examined not only as the possible markets with large population, but also as a base for accessing other countries as Tanzania, Rwanda, South Sudan and Francophone countries. As a result of the expansion Mr.. Chichi’s company will get an access to the market of 236 million people with average 5. 25% of GAP growth annual. The expansion plan allows forecasting the growth of company’s profits and the enhancement of the customers list. Hello Healthcare provides services in different African countries for diverse groups of customers.

The many tries to meet needs all of their customers, because the company uses the responsible framework for its business strategy. The international expansion of the operation doesn’t mean only the larger market for sales, but also improvement of living conditions in these countries. Of course, such big company with a lot of local partners and different products and services needs appropriate management and well-developed strategy, but Mr.. Chichi created the well-organized system of business, that based on transparency, trust and passion to make a sustainable business.Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay.

The post Taking a Cooperative Business into Africa Essay. appeared first on Online Nursing Essay.

 
Looking for a Similar Assignment? Order now and Get 10% Discount! Use Coupon Code "Newclient"

Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

/in /by

Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

 

A delicious food is not necessarily a healthy one in the same way as nutritious food is not essentially delightful to eat. Food nowadays is taken on its quality to fill and satisfy one’s palate and appetite. Getting into food business could be as easy as thinking of your most favorite food. With this, it is very easy to penetrate the food industry because of its flexibility and wide chances of making it big. This has opened doors for the birth and growth of the fast food business or industry.

The best essay writers are ready to impress your teacher.
Make an order now!Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

PROCEED

GET A BETTER ESSAYOUR TEAM IS READY TO WRITE
YOUR ESSAY ONBIG BUSINESS IS BAD FOR ONE’S…JUST FROM $13/PAGE

With the present attitude and lifestyle of modern and fast-paced people, a potentially big business such as fast food store is very easy to market and advertise. However, every advantage entails responsibility. As food is a basic and vital need of human, food providers should be duty-bound to ensure the quality and nutrition of their products. As an analysis of the effects of a big business such as the fast food industry, this paper will present and argue on its deceptive marketing ways that have apparently betrayed and robbed its customers of their health. Fast Food History

Fast food refers to the fast service or provision of food items which are typical of restaurant or store foods (Jackle). Fast food is a result of the technology of the modern era. However, the idea of the “ready-cooked food to go” is an age-old industry. The ancient Roman, East Asian, and Middle Eastern cultures have their respective native quick foods. It was, however, the Western technologies that have advanced the fast food industry for the past generation with their ready-to-eat food varieties that have filled the appetite of millions of people worldwide.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

The coming or birth of the McDonald’s in the 1940s indicates the emergence of the fast food dine-in and drive-thru restaurants. Like the other restaurants during that time, brothers Richard and Maurice McDonald initially started their restaurant business in the old or traditional dine-in style of using glassware, dishes, and silverware, but they switched to paper and plastic instead for faster service. Instead of offering several kinds of dishes, McDonald’s concentrated on making and serving burgers, French fries, and drinks at the shortest time possible.

The success of McDonald’s fast service eventually revolutionized the restaurant business. Over the years, McDonald’s has definitely lived up to its name as a fast food store with its “speedee service system” (Schlosser). The Big Business of Fast Food According to Schlosser, Americans spent around $6 billion on fast food during its booming years in the 1970s (qtd in Eriksson). After two decades, they have spent more than $110 billion (Schlosser qtd in Eriksson). Researches showed that Americans are now allotting more money on fast food than on purchase of brand new vehicles, computers, computer software or even college education (Eriksson).

The said online paper added that the fast food sales are higher than the combination of sales of videos, published books and magazines, movies and recorded music (Eriksson). Citing a specific fast food store such as the McDonald’s, a review by Miffin of Schlosser’s book “Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal” stated that the McDonald’s company operates approximately around 28,000 restaurants around the world. According to Miffin, McDonald’s is now considered the biggest buyer of beef, pork and potatoes in the United States and the biggest retail property owner worldwide.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

The company is also one of the top toy distributors and the largest private operator of playgrounds in the United States and even in other parts of the world (Schlosser qtd in Miffin). Not only does McDonald’s penetrated the business sector, its boom has actually escalated and enabled the fast food franchising as a big business opportunity. A proof of McDonald’s popularity, close to a hundred percent of schoolchildren not only in the United States but also worldwide can associate with its main character, Ronald McDonald.

Miffin added that one of every eight working students, including the professionals in the United States, has worked or spent time at the said fast food restaurant. McDonald’s has not only boomed in terms of store sales but also as a brand that is the most famous and the most heavily advertised worldwide. McDonald’s has infiltrated and continued to dominate various business components such as the sales, marketing and advertising (Miffin). McDonald’s Marketing People living in today’s modern era are surrounded with advertisements and other promotions, all of which aim to entice the target market to buy the promoted products or services.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

For the fast food business such as McDonald’s, these promotions are designed to get customers to consume, continue to consume and to consume more. According to Spurlock, the outbreak of overconsumption created by the McDonald’s marketing has resulted in making the United States as the fattest country worldwide. Statistics or figures have shown how Americans have become overweight and how this condition has doubled over the years. However, the sensational part of the fast food marketing style, specifically McDonald’s marketing techniques, is that the children were taught and allowed to be fat (Spurlock).

An analysis by Spurlock of the McDonald’s marketing unveiled its underlying deceit agenda. This is because people were imparted with the idea that it is alright and only natural to eat fast food items. As long as fast food items fill one’s stomach and satisfy one’s appetite, the nutritional value that these food lack can be disregarded. Spurlock also presented the modification of McDonald’s marketing for the past decades. Its icon Ronald McDonald was introduced to attract the attention of the children and allure them in eating more and more burger, fries, shakes and soda.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

Noting the negative impact of a mascot who seems to be eating much of the company’s food, an enterprising and later a caring Ronald McDonald was then presented. Spurlock said that the soft-hearted icon has resulted in McDonald’s company housing various charities. Nowadays, McDonald’s has a lot of promotional and advertising techniques that include its ever-famous McMeals or the Happy Meals (meal plus toys) and McBirthday parties. Despite these marketing efforts, McDonald’s has actually earned the ire or come under fire from various consumer groups and health-conscious people and organizations.

These critics have presented the health issue encompassing the McDonald’s business and specifically argued on its eating-related illnesses (Spurlock). McDonald’s is Bad for Health The apparent negative health and social contributions of the fast food industry and the likes of McDonald’s have resulted into a number of lawsuits against the company and other related stores. According to a legal article by Pinchuk, there have been actually a number of judicial proceedings against the big business of fast food and the McDonald’s company in particular that have prospered.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

Pinchuk added that this is because most of these successes in obesity-related cases are all about mislabeling or consumer fraud that are unlikely to gain compensation (Pinchuk). Pinchuk cited a particular case where the complainants sued McDonald’s because it allegedly engaged in deceptive exercises that violated provisions of the New York’s Consumer Protection Act. Pinchuk identified the specific case of Pelman v. McDonald’s Corp. in 2006. The plaintiff further complained that McDonald’s was careless in merchandising and promoting their foods items that allegedly contain high fat, sugar, salt and cholesterol.

Pinchuk also quoted the complainants who shared that McDonald’s did not properly inform its customers regarding the contents or ingredients of their food items. Lastly, Pinchuk cited the same complainants who testified that McDonald’s marketed addictive food products, disregarding their customers’ health in the process. Thereafter, the complainants’ claims were first dismissed, but after several appeals and amendments, only three claims were left (qtd. in Pinchuk). Additionally, the Harvard School of Public Health gained success in exposing the actual bad implications of trans fats that are lurking in every fast food items.

This has also resulted in food labeling where “trans fat must be listed on food labels along with other bad fats (saturated fats) and good ones (unsaturated fats have actually)” (Harvard School of Public Health). The said article defined trans fats as “a type of mostly man-made fat that the food industry loves, but our hearts and blood vessels don’t” (Harvard School of Public Health). The Harvard School of Public Health added that these components are famous among fast food companies.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

Its negative effect on one’s heath is manifested over time when portions of hydrogenated oils stayed in margarines, commercially baked goods, and snack or junk foods. These saturated fats contribute to high cholesterol that fast food companies particularly McDonald’s reportedly use (Harvard School of Public Health). Conclusion With the above health and legal implications of advocating fast food and McDonald’s in particular, it could be concluded that such big businesses really do not contribute to the welfare of people and the society in general.

In addition, the deceptive marketing strategies as well as the blinded satisfaction derived from patronizing fast food chains are unethical ways of promoting one’s business. It is sad to note that the negative health implications or ill-effects of unhealthy food items provided by the fast food stores such as McDonald’s are totally disregarded—all in the name of profit. However tough the challenge be to defy what these big businesses have imparted on the lives of millions of people, it is not yet too late. So before eating those mouth-watering burgers and fries, people might as well think first of the many fats that they can possibly get.

Works Cited Eriksson, Lisa. “American Eating Habits. ” 12 January 2004. Umea University. 11 March 2008 ;http://www. eng. umu. se/E3ht03/manchester/Lisa/index. htm; “Food Labeling: Trans Fatty Acids in Nutrition Labeling. ” 1 January 2006. Government Publishing Office. 11 march 2008 ;http://www. hsph. harvard. edu/nutritionsource/transfats. html#references; “Hidden Trans Fat Exposed, New Food Labels List Trans Fats. ” 2007. Harvard School of Public Health. 11 March 2008 ;http://www. hsph. harvard. edu/nutritionsource/transfats. html#references; Jakle, John. Fast Food: Roadside Restaurants in the Automobile Age.

Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. MiffinMiffin, Houghton. “Review of Fast Food Nation: The Dark Side of the All-American Meal by Eric Schlosser. ” 21 January 2001. New York Times Book Review. 11 March 2008 ;http://www. robwalker. net/html_docs/fnation. html;. Pinchuk, Lianne. “Are Fast Food Lawsuits Likely to Be the Next ‘Big Tobacco’? ” 28 February 2007. The National Law Journal. 11 march 2008 ;http://www. law. com/jsp/article. jsp? id=1172497091272; Schlosser, Eric. Fast Food Nation. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2002. Spurlock, Morgan. Don’t Eat This Book. New York: Putnam Adult, 2005,.Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay.

The post Big Business is Bad for One’s Health Essay. appeared first on Online Nursing Essay.

 
Looking for a Similar Assignment? Order now and Get 10% Discount! Use Coupon Code "Newclient"

Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

/in /by

Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

 

Standard County Public Health Clinic is located on Highway 25, North of Bloomfield, Missouri. The clinic provides services to infant and child; young and middle aged adults; older adults; environmental services; and group/community services. When the 2009 budget cuts were distributed among the different departments, the manager of the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department noted a 15% budget cut.

The best essay writers are ready to impress your teacher.
Make an order now!Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

PROCEED

This paper is a case study of how the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department Manager will decide what tools she will use to decide which clinical service should be eliminated or introduced to better serve the Medicaid population at while at the name time make a 15% cut in its budget. Clans Services Available and Staffing services available for the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department includes: breast and cervical screening project, anemia screening, sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy testing, immunization, nutrition education, W.Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

GET A BETTER ESSAYOUR TEAM IS READY TO WRITE
YOUR ESSAY ONDECISION-MAKING CASE STUDY HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENTJUST FROM $13/PAGE

I. C, women’s health screenings, high risk pregnancy counseling and case management for prenatal (Standard County, 2008). Staffing for the department includes: Department Manager; 2 full-time Lips to perform screenings, draw blood samples and administer Immunization; 1 full-time nutritionist for the nutrition education; and 1 RAN Case Manager to manage the women’s health screenings, high risk pregnancy counseling. The clerical staff is shared among the entire clinic.Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

The Department Manager looked at the year-to-date information for each service provided under her department with the thought of possibly eliminating a service to make up for the 15% budget cut. Upon reviewing the all statistics concerning frequency of use and after surveying all staff members within the clinic, it was determined that each service was very important to the Medicaid recipients of Standard County. One suggestion from a staff member was to convert one of the full- time LIP positions to a part-time position and starting a clinical volunteer program.

Another position that could be changed from full-time to part-time is the Nutritionist. Statistics have shown that her services are only needed 4 hours a day Instead of the full 8 hours. The volunteers would be clinically proficient and could conduct the screenings that are very popular within Standard County. In order for the decision to be made, the Department Manager will need to make a decision to use a decision making analysis tool. The Informed Decisions Toolboxes option for the department manager can use to make a decision on how to manage a 15% budget cut for her clinic, is to use The Informed Decisions Toolbox developed by Thomas G.Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

Randall, PhD and his associates (University Of Phoenix, 2008). The toolbox is divided Into six steps to help managers make an informed decision. The six steps include: Step 1: Framing the question behind the decision; Step 2: Finding sources of information; Step 3: Assessing the Assessing the accountability of information; Step 6: Determining if the information is adequate (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 1: Framing the Question Behind the Decommissioned making an informed decision, the manager must formulate a research question out of the management question.Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

In this case study the management question is “How will the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department operate with a 15% budget cut? ” The research question is “What clinical services should be eliminated or added to allow for the 15% budget cut within the Young and Middle Aged Adult Department’s and how will it affect the profitability and quality of care outcomes during the 2009 budget year within the Medicaid population? ” (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 2: Finding Sources of Informational 2 of The Informed Decisions Toolbox discusses different avenues of researching the management question.

These avenues include, but are not limited to: healthcare organization libraries, webmasters intranet information and in-house support systems; and the Internet. Step 2 also describes search tips that were very useful (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 3: Assessing the Accuracy of Informational 3 guides the user to asking the following questions to help ascertain whether the information is accurate: “Is the information valid and reliable? Is the information comprehensive? Am I missing important perspectives or aspects of my decision? (University Of Phoenix, 2008). Step 4: Assessing the Applicability of Information’s step guides the user to decide if all the information accessed was applicable to making a decision. Step 5: Assessing the Accountability of Informational 5 will guide the user to determine if the information collected will provide useful recommendations to be implemented, what the expected effects may be of the decision and what are the possible effects that were not expected (University Of Phoenix, 2008).Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

Step 6: Determining if the Information is Adequateness last step will guide the user in making the determination as to when there has been enough information gathered to make a decision (University Of Phoenix, 2008). After reviewing the information on The Informed Decisions Toolbox, the Department Manager decided this tool wasn’t useful for the type of decision that needed to be made. There are four key strategies that have been recommended for use that affects an organization when the toolbox is used:l . Strategy One: Recognize and Respond to the Growing Demand for Accountability as a Strategic Issue” (University of Phoenix, 008). Transfer” (University of Phoenix, 2008). 3. “Strategy Three: Build a Questioning Organizational Culture” (University of Phoenix). 4. “Strategy Four: Build Organizational Research Capabilities” (University of Phoenix, By using these strategies, an organization will be able to ensure that have all the research information at hand to help them stay accountable for their actions. It is also a way for sharing of knowledge and always questioning so as to build a stronger organization.

Devil’s Advocate Deceitfulness’s Advocate is a technique that is used in gathering he positive and the negative aspects to a decision that needs to be made (Libber & McConnell, 2008, p. 159). In this case, the Department Manager assigned the 2 Lips and Case Manager the task of brainstorming and writing down the negative aspects of her proposal and all the positive aspects to the proposal. Negative Sportscaster were some strong negative aspects that the team was able to verbalize during the brainstorming session. Some of the stronger comments were:l .

A full-time staff member will be required to have a change of status from full-time to part-time. This could cause the staff member make the decision to resign and find a position elsewhere. This will cause the Department to incur the expense of recruiting and training a replacement. 2. Cost of recruiting and training volunteer staff to make up for the h FEET position lost. 3. Loss of expertise from taking already fully training long-time employee out of the full-time position and replacing them with an inexperienced volunteer. Positive Sportscaster were some strong positive aspects that came from the brainstorming as well.Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay.

The post Decision-Making Case Study Health Care Essay. appeared first on Online Nursing Essay.

 
Looking for a Similar Assignment? Order now and Get 10% Discount! Use Coupon Code "Newclient"

Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

/in /by

Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

 

Revised September 23, 2002 (Reprint October 1, 2006) Abstract Many researchers and practitioners have developed models to discuss how organizations learn using concepts of learning, social theory, assembling and information transfer. The Organization Learning Systems Model (ALSO) provides a comprehensive framework for discussing how organizations Interact with their environments, reflect on information collected, disseminate knowledge to stakeholders and “make sense” with their culture through learning subsystems.

The best essay writers are ready to impreKnowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.ss your teacher.
Make an order now!

PROCEED

After reviewing Individual and organizational learning literature, I will reflect on a recent insulation at a major healthcare firm using this frame. This paper suggests that practitioners and managers can leverage this model to better manage learning, change, effectiveness and strategic planning. From Individual Learning to the Organizational Learning Systems Model In recent years the topic of organizational learning has been discussed In academia and the workplace with great interest.Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

ORDER A PLAGIARISM-FREE PAPER HERE

GET A BETTER ESSAYOUR TEAM IS READY TO WRITE
YOUR ESSAY ONKNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND LEARNING IN HEALTHCAREJUST FROM $13/PAGE

In organizations, these discussions usually begin as the result of some cataclysmic event, strategic planning announcement, market change or dialogue on performance. Some see this subject as the integration or theft f many theories from sociology, psychology, management science and anthropology (Argils & Chon, 1978; Davis, 2001 ; Candlewick, 2000; Scanted & Marauded, 2000; discussed using “adaptation” language from sciences such as biology, physics and chemistry (Click, 1987; Holland, 1996; Marion, 1999; Youngling, 1997).

Regardless of the discipline, how individuals learn and the way this impacts the process by which organizations “learn” will continue to charge academic debates and consume practitioner resources. Linking theoretical constructs of organizational learning to the “real world” is a difficult challenge. In healthcare, researchers and practitioners have attempted to make this linkage by identifying learning conditions that must exist in order to generate, disseminate and use knowledge.Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

These include: 1) a shared vision of organizational goals and how learning can contribute to success; 2) leaders who ensure that opportunities, resources, incentives and rewards are provided to support learning; and 3) an organic structure with diverse communication channels that efficiently transfers information across organizational boundaries (Barley, Limited-Charles, & McKinney, 1998).

Others also suggest that understanding the environment, information processing functions and cognitive learning frameworks in health care organizations can boost the probability of building and maintaining intellectual capital (Granting, Nichols, & Schoenberg, 1997). One attempt to connect theory and practice is the Organizational Learning Systems Model (ALSO) (Scanted & Marauded, 2000).

This multi-disciplinary model developed at the Center for the Study of Learning at George Washington University is increasingly impacting the practice of organizational learning. This model is founded upon the writings of Tailcoat Parsons (Scanted & Marauded, 2000) and discussions of his organizational prerequisites of adaptation, goal attainment, integration and pattern maintenance functions in organizations. The structure of action provided by Parsons lends a powerful lens by which many organization processes and actions can be viewed (Lackey, 1987).

Scanted and Marauded (2000) expand on Parsons General Theory of Action by creating a model that explains organizational learning in the context of four learning subsystems: 1) environmental interface, 2) action/ reflection, 3) dissemination and diffusion and 4) meaning and memory. Equally as important, they depict interactions among these subsystems using the interchange media of information, goal reference knowledge, structuring and assembling. Many current management theories and models inadequately meet the special needs of the healthcare industry (Granting et al. 1997); however, the ALSO, can start a new, more comprehensive conversation regarding knowledge creation and organizational learning. Understanding the theoretical underpinnings of ALSO is the first step to appreciating its practical application in health care organizations. In this paper, horses of adult learning, social interactions and organizational learning are reviewed to provide perspective. I will discuss individual learning and learning in the social context before a discourse on organizational learning. This review will provide the learning foundation that establishes organizational learning as the theoretical basis for the ALSO.

After establishing the theoretical and practical applications of this model, I will use it to analyze an employee opinion survey with one of the nation’s leading healthcare providers. This will provide a bridge from theoretical construct to ragtime tool. In concluding, I will suggest that other healthcare organizations use this model to frame and facilitate future organizational learning and performance Individual Learning Learning takes place when individuals and organizations interact with their environments (Heeders, 1981).

Some researchers claim that learning is an on-going process of reflection and action where individuals ask questions, receive feedback, experiment and take action (Davis, 2001; Edmondson, 1999; Goby & Lewis, 2000; Kola, 1976; Leviathan & March, 1993). Gerber (2001) describes learning as a construct that involves a change in behavior or cognition (or both), relating to perceptions, affect, feelings, attitudes, and values. He continues by stating that learning occurs following, or as the result of experience, direction, thinking, and insight.

Learning through experiences and reflecting on actions has its formal grounding in the works of Dewey, Lenin and Pigged (Nineteen, 1998). Kola (1976) defines learning as a process whereby knowledge is created through the transformation of experience. Parsons identifies learning as cognitive processes that are required by organisms’ (and organizations) deed-fulfillment to complete actions (Lackey, 1987). Most modern theorists share the similar premise that experience plays a significant role in learning (Drunkards, 2000; Gerber, 2001; Goby & Lewis, 2000; Kola, 1976; Nineteen, 1998).Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

Gerber (2001) has posited that learning can be viewed in four categories aligned into two classes. The first class (two categories) is based on the research of Skinner and Pavlov. The Skinner model suggests that individuals are subjected to a stimulus that causes a response (traditional S 0 R). This response and stimulus interaction is called Association Learning. Reinforcement Learning is similar, but the learning is “reinforced” with another stimulus in close proximity (S 0 R 0 S). The second class of learning assumes that a process occurs within the subject that impacts the response produced by the stimulus (Gerber, 2001).

This class is represented as S 0 0 R, where “O” symbolizes the role of the subject in producing the response. In this category, termed Cognitive-perceptual Learning, learning is a mental process that considers varying perceptual “frames” until one corresponds to a universal structure. Past perceptual “Gestalts” are stored in memory and become data for future sections. Theorists such as Rogers, Moscow and Lenin are considered the founders of this type of learning. Cognitive-Rational/Linguistic Learning is the second category in this class and builds on the Cognitive-perceptual Learning.

Here, learning is based on experiences that can be coded and remembered through language; it permits higher levels of structuring that can be conferred to create new knowledge. In Cognitive-Rational/Linguistic Learning, the subject is using language (not necessarily words) as a means to collect data, enhance information analysis and communicate it to others. Information precedes thoughts, thought precede actions. Behavior results from cognitive analysis of data and decision-making (Gerber, 2001) based on individual experiences/action.Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

One view of what is happening at “O” is that the subject is using dimensions of learning to “frame” the stimulus (Kola, 1976) to create understanding. Wick (1993; 2001)) describes the formation of frameworks as important to helping people identify meaning. As will be viewed later, the ALSO provides a framework for this data-information-knowledge-meaning relationship. As individuals create frameworks, language (not necessarily words) may be used a means to create “schemas” and “narratives” that are used to interpret and catalogue frameworks by reflecting on experiences and through a process called “dialogue. Dialogue means that assumptions are suspended as individuals “think together” (Sense, 1990). Dialogue in the form of face-to-face communication is a process where one builds on the concepts in collaboration with others. Individuals in groups can enrich knowledge transfer and help to construct and reconstruct collective frameworks. It allows for people’s hypothesis to be tested (Monika, 1994). Frameworks, fed by experiences, knowledge and dialogue, are accumulated by individuals and allow for and are developed in a social context (Casey, 1997; Wick, 1993).Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay.

The post Knowledge Management and Learning in Healthcare Essay. appeared first on Online Nursing Essay.

 
Looking for a Similar Assignment? Order now and Get 10% Discount! Use Coupon Code "Newclient"