Discuss the pathophysiological relationship between cardiovascular and renal disorders
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1. Answer both parts of this question:
a) Discuss the pathophysiological relationship between cardiovascular and renal
disorders. (42 marks)
b) Briefly describe the effect of frusemide therapy on these relationships.
(6 marks)
2. Answer both parts of this question:
a) With respect to coagulation, discuss the regulation and action(s) of the
following:
i. tissue factor (10 marks)
ii. protein C (6 marks)
iii. plasmin. (10 marks)
b) Explain how the following drugs interfere with haemostasis:
i. aspirin (8 marks)
ii. clopidogrel (6 marks)
iii. heparin. (8 marks)
Continued over page
Small Animal Medicine Paper 1 Page 3 of 3
© 2016 The Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists ABN 00 50 000894 208
3. Answer both parts of this question:
a) Discuss the normal physiology of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) production,
circulation and drainage. (18 marks)
b) Discuss the classification, causes and pathophysiological consequences of
hydrocephalus. (30 marks)
4. Describe the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy in dogs. (48 marks)
5. Discuss the pathogenesis of vaccine-induced adverse effects in dogs and cats.
(48 marks)
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