Discussion: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

• As an advanced practice nurse assisting physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders, it is important to not only understand the impact of disorders on the body, but also the impact of drug treatments on the body. The relationships between drugs and the body can be described by pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
  Pharmacokinetics describes what the body does to the drug through absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, whereas pharmacodynamics describes what the drug does to the body.

   Photo Credit: Getty Images/Ingram Publishing

When selecting drugs and determining dosages for patients, it is essential to consider individual patient factors that might impact the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes. These patient factors include genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, behavior (i.e., diet, nutrition, smoking, alcohol, illicit drug abuse), and/or pathophysiological changes due to disease.

For this Discussion, you reflect on a case from your past clinical experiences and consider how a patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes may alter his or her response to a drug.

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and consider the principles of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
• Reflect on your experiences, observations, and/or clinical practices from the last 5 years and think about how pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors altered his or her anticipated response to a drug.
• Consider factors that might have influenced the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, such as genetics (including pharmacogenetics), gender, ethnicity, age, behavior, and/or possible pathophysiological changes due to disease.
• Think about a personalized plan of care based on these influencing factors and patient history in your case study.

Post your thoughts on the following

•   Post on a case that you have managed in your clinical experience.

    •    Describe factors that may have effected pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics processes in your patient.

    •    Explain details of the personalized plan of care that you would develop based on these influencing factors and patient history in your case. Be specific and describe examples.

Discuss pharmacology

1. This paper should be a 1-1.5 page paper
2. Paper should be written in APA style format citing the articles in the main body of the paper and on the reference page
3. Writer should cite 4 resources in this paper.  The writer has to Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for nurse practitioners and physician assistants. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.
4. (Chapters will be uploaded for use)
5. Writer should also use his own additional 2 or 3 scholarly articles. Writer should (Article should be from the year 2015 and above)
6. Writer should use basic vocabulary

Discussion Tips:

• All discussions should discuss drug treatment in some way.
• Be specific when discussing drugs.
• You can discuss drugs by being specific with drug names, what class they are in, mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics/dynamics, adverse events, contrainidcations, doses, directions, etc.
• Points will be taken off for those discussions that do not mention drug therapy.

Resources

Rosenthal, L. D., & Burchum, J. R. (2018). Lehne’s pharmacotherapeutics for nurse practitioners and physician assistants. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

o Chapter 1, “Prescriptive Authority” (pp. 1–3)

o Chapter 2, “Rational Drug Selection and Prescription

Writing” (pp. 5–9)

o Chapter 3, “Promoting Positive Outcomes of Drug

Therapy” (pp. 11–16)

o Chapter 4, “Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and

Drug Interactions” (pp. 17–40)

o Chapter 5, “Adverse Drug Reactions and Medical

Errors” (pp. 41–49)

o Chapter 6, “Individual Variation in Drug Response” (pp.

51–56)

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