This week you are required to submit a draft of your paper.  A “draft” does not imply sloppy, half-baked

work–not at all.  A draft is the most complete and impeccable presentation you can execute at this point in time.  Drafts should be 5-7 pages, use at least 3 of your 5 academic resources, and be impeccably cited and formatted.  End references are required, and APA (except for the cover page–not required) should be followed.

here are my 5 academics that I used last weeks

Annotated Bibliography (PartII)

A large volume of research related to leadership has been published over the last fifty years. This large volume of research stresses on the importance of leadership within the context of organizational productivity and performance. While leadership continues to be at the centre of research and fresh insights are being brought to this area to find out what leads to effective leadership, the importance of the existing theories in this area also grows. Different theories outline different factors regarding leadership, its importance as well as its effect on leadership. Leadership is a very important factor that influences the organizational productivity as well as the performance of the followers.

Annotations:

The article, “Situational, Transformational, and Transactional Leadership and Leadership Development” by Jim Allen McCleskey, was published in the year 2014, in the Journal of Business Studies Quarterly. The article contains a literature review of the existing theories and primarily focuses on three theories, situational, transactional and transformational theories of leadership. Moreover, the article deals with the development of the three theories.

McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, Transformational, and Transactional Leadership and Leadership Development. In JBSQ. Retrieved January 23, 2016 from http://jbsq.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/June_2014_9.pdf

In the article Leadership: Current Theories, Research, and Future Directions, the authors have conducted an integrative review of the existing research in leadership. The article reviews a large number of leadership articles and leadership theories that are a part of the development of leadership research. The research focuses on what is old as well as what is most current in the field of the leadership research.

Avolio, B., Walumbwa, F., & Weber, T. J. (2009). Leadership: Current Theories, Research, and Future Directions. In Annual Review of Psychology. Retrieved January 23, 2016, from http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?&

Luvaas, Jay. The Legacy of the Civil War: The European Inheritance. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 195

The author brings into cognizance the effects of the industrial revolution on the civil war in America. The Industrial Revolution in the 1800’s had a major impact on the Civil War and by using the lessons learned through the revolution the United States was able to continue to increase its industrial potential and become the leading producer in the world in the early 1900’s. The history of United States development could never have happened if it was not from the industrialization of the country. The country was able to innovate and create new manufacturing methods and became the leader in manufacturing. The advent of different kinds of transport also aided in growth. The import and export of core minerals was made possible though transportation and industrial revolution. The lives of the American charged dramatically after the revolution as new channels of work emerged. The invention of the steam engine made it possible for factors to migrate and travel .this enabled the shift of skill and mobility of invention to happen.

Addington, Larry H. Patterns of War since the 18th Century. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1994.

The growth of the largest transportation system which took place during the industrial revolution and was ably supported by the civil war was the birth of the rail road system. The transportation industries from the Northern boomed during the conflict as well–particularly railroads. The opportunity from the North’s which like larger numerous of tracks and better ability to construct and move parts gave a distinct advantage over the South. Militaries moving south or west to fight train in traveling in a clear road. Also, Northern forces traveled further south to fight and occupy the Confederacy, the War Department created the United States Military Railroads, designed to build rails to carry troops and supplies as well as operating captured Southern rail lines and equipment. By war’s end, it was the world’s largest railroad system.

Hounshell, David A. (1984), From the American System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: The Development of Manufacturing Technology in the United States, Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 978-0-8018-2975-8, LCCN 83016269

The American economy was caught in transition on the eve of the Civil War. What had been an almost purely agricultural economy in 1800 was in the first stages of an industrial revolution which would result in the United States becoming one of the world’s leading industrial powers by 1900. But the beginnings of the industrial revolution in the prewar years was almost exclusively limited to the regions north of the Mason-Dixon line, leaving much of the South far behind. His climate and soil in the South are ideal for the growing of cotton. The drawback to cotton is the amount of labor required to clean and separate the fibers from the seeds. In 1793, Eli Whitney introduced “teeth” into the cotton gin; the teeth combed the cotton and separated the seeds, allowing cotton to become a tremendously profitable business. Following his invention, cotton production surpassed that of tobacco in the South and became the dominant cash crop. At the time of the American Civil War, Southern plantations generated 75% of the world’s cotton supply.

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