Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
Date: 11-28-2016
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- What are some of the responsibilities of microbiologists in the clinical microbiology laboratory?
Process the various clinical specimens that are submitted to the CML, isolate pathogens from those specimens, identify the pathogens, and perform antimicrobial susceptibility testing when appropriate to do so are a few responsibilities of microbiologists in the clinical microbiology laboratory.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
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- List specimens or sample types that are typically submitted to the microbiology laboratory for analysis.
Blood, urine, CSF, sputum, throat swabs, wound specimens, GC cultures, and fecal specimens.
- Why is the use of a single biochemical test, like glucose fermentation, not sufficient for bacterial identification?
It can lead to misidentification, which can translate into an inaccurate body of information in the medical literature concerning the clinical significance of many microbial species.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
- At the genetic level, what can cause an unexpected biochemical test result?
Mutations can cause an unexpected biochemical test result?
- What is the meaning of a yellow color in the glucose fermentation broth tube with a bubble in the smaller, inverted tube (called a Durham tube)?
Positive for carbohydrate fermentation and positive for gas production.
- API20E Test
- What do scientists use to classify/identify bacteria?
The bacteriology section of the CML.
- Is one biochemical test result sufficient to identify a bacterium? Why or why not?
OMIT.
- What is the API 20E test? What general groups of bacteria are identified by this test?
A biochemical panel for identification and differentiation of members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is used to identify Gram negative bacteria.
- What is contained in the micro test tubes that make up the strip?
Dehydrated bacterial media.
- What is added to the cupules in the API strips?
Purified samples containing the microbe of interest and water?
- When conducting this test, what is the purpose of placing the strip (once inoculated) into a humidity tray?
To provide a humid atmosphere during incubation for reaction purposes.
- List two of the tests to which mineral oil is added. What is the purpose of mineral oil?
LDC and ADH. It creates an anaerobic system.
- What are the incubation conditions (time/duration, temperature) for the test?
18-20 hours at 37 degrees C.
- Although it is not on the strip, what biochemical test counts as the 21st test for the API strip?
Oxidase test.
- What does the color change on the API strip represent (in terms of the general test result)?
Positive or negative.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
- In the table below, list any three tests on the API 20E strip, the color of positive and negative tests, and the biochemical capability revealed by a positive test/reaction.
| API 20E test | Positive reaction | Negative Reaction | Biochemical capability |
| Example:oxidase test (21st test)
|
Purple | Colorless | Ability to use cytochrome c oxidase as a final electron acceptor |
| 1. ADH
|
Red/orange | Yellow | L-arginine |
| 2. LDC
|
Yellow | Yellow | L-lysine |
| 3. URE
|
Red/orange | Yellow | urea |
- What is the reason for using the test data to determine a profile number?
To determine the identification of the bacterial species.
- Why do you think the same species of bacteria could have slightly different profile numbers?
Slightly different morphological, cultural, and phenotypic criteria.
- How should the completed API test strip be disposed of upon completion?
Covered with a 10% bleach solution and allowed to soak for at least 1 to 2 hours, rinsed, and disposed of by regular means.
Answer Critical Thinking 1-3 for Chapter 24 on page 710. Answers should be submitted in a word document with any associated references used
1) Differentiate S. Pyogenes causing strep throat from S. Pyogenes causing scarlet fever
2) Why might the influenza vaccine be less effective than other vaccines?
3) Explain why it wound be impractical to include cold and influenza vaccinations in the required childhood vaccinations
You must proofread your paper. But do not strictly rely on your computer’s spell-checker and grammar-checker; failure to do so indicates a lack of effort on your part and you can expect your grade to suffer accordingly. Papers with numerous misspelled words and grammatical mistakes will be penalized. Read over your paper – in silence and then aloud – before handing it in and make corrections as necessary. Often it is advantageous to have a friend proofread your paper for obvious errors. Handwritten corrections are preferable to uncorrected mistakes.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
Use a standard 10 to 12 point (10 to 12 characters per inch) typeface. Smaller or compressed type and papers with small margins or single-spacing are hard to read. It is better to let your essay run over the recommended number of pages than to try to compress it into fewer pages.
Likewise, large type, large margins, large indentations, triple-spacing, increased leading (space between lines), increased kerning (space between letters), and any other such attempts at “padding” to increase the length of a paper are unacceptable, wasteful of trees, and will not fool your professor.
The paper must be neatly formatted, double-spaced with a one-inch margin on the top, bottom, and sides of each page. When submitting hard copy, be sure to use white paper and print out using dark ink. If it is hard to read your essay, it will also be hard to follow your argument.
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS
Discussion Questions (DQ)
- Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words.
- Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source.
- One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words.
- I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses.
Weekly Participation
- Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately.
- In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies.
- Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work).
- Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
APA Format and Writing Quality
- Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required).
- Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation.
- I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition.
Use of Direct Quotes
- I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly.
- As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content.
- It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source.
LopesWrite Policy
- For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me.
- Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes.
- Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own?
- Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
Late Policy
- The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies.
- Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances.
- If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect.
- I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension.
- As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading.
Communication
- Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me:
- Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class.
- Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.Assignment_9.2___Identification__API20E_Test Essay.
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