While assessing nutrition status, which is a severe risk factor for poor surgical outcome?

While assessing nutrition status, which is a severe risk factor for poor surgical outcome?

A. Admitting BMI

of 18.1

B. 3 day dietary history of <1200cal

C. Serum albumin of 3.2

D. Unplanned weight loss of 8lbs in the last 6 months.

 
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K.T. is a 38-year-old female with a BMI of 39 kg/m2 who needs surgical

K.T. is a 38-year-old female with a BMI of 39 kg/m2 who needs surgical

reduction of a hiatal hernia. She is asking about the recovery process and says that she has read about something called the obesity paradox. She wants to know what that means with respect to her healing. The AGACNP explains that the paradox refers to the fact that:

A. Obesity correlates with poor outcomes for some surgical procedures but not others.

B. There is an inverse relationship between weight and surgical outcomes.

C. Underweight patients have more surgical complications than obese patients.

D. Planned weight loss preoperatively is indicated only when the BMI is > 40 kg/m2.

 
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S. is a 46-year-old female with metastatic breast cancer.

S. is a 46-year-old female with metastatic breast cancer. She is currently off

cycle for chemotherapy and generally is feeling well. Today, however, she presents feeling acutely unwell. She says that she has had cold like symptoms over the last few days, including cough, nasal congestion, headache, and a hoarse voice in the mornings. Today she became acutely concerned because she feels as though her face and even shoulders look swollen and a bit discolored—bluish. She denies any nausea or vomiting but admits to feeling generally fatigued; she attribute it to her cancer. Recognizing the likely diagnosis, the AGACNP knows that treatment will likely include:

A. Radiation

B. Surgery

C. Fibrinolytics

D. Expansile stents

 
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Carolyn is a 25-year-old injection drug user who has had a long history of health problems

Carolyn is a 25-year-old injection drug user who has had a long history of health problems since her early teenage

years. She has preexisting mitral valve regurgitation and has had endocarditis in the past. She is now being treated for lung abscess that presumably occurred with aspiration in an intoxicated state. She was admitted and started on intravenous antibiotic therapy, IV fluids, and nutritional support. She is now on day 5 of antibiotic therapy and remains septic and febrile. The AGACNP knows that the indicated course of treatment includes:

A. Continued antibiotic therapy with evaluation on day 7

B. Change to a different extended spectrum antibiotic

C. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess

D. Thoracotomy with open drainage

 
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