James Madison argued 
 A. against all interest groups.
 B. for the advocacy of self-interest free from all systems of restraint.
 C. for regulation of interests through a governing system of checks and balances.
 D. for the replacement of interest groups by formal political parties.
 E. for a powerful judiciary.

James Madison argued
A. against all interest groups.
B. for the advocacy of self-interest free from all systems of restraint.
C. for regulation of interests through a governing system of checks and balances.
D. for the replacement of interest groups by formal political parties.
E. for a powerful judiciary.

 
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Which of the following is true of employment in lobbying firms by members of Congress? 
 A. It is very rare for a member of Congress to become a lobbyist because of the negative stigma involved.
 B. Most members of Congress join lobbying firms immediately after leaving Congress. 
C. They are prohibited by law from lobbying Congress for a set period of time after leaving office.
 D. Members of Congress are prohibited by law from joining the lobbying profession.
 E. Many members of Congress were lobbyists prior to becoming elected representatives.

Which of the following is true of employment in lobbying firms by members of Congress?
A. It is very rare for a member of Congress to become a lobbyist because of the negative stigma involved.
B. Most members of Congress join lobbying firms immediately after leaving Congress.
C. They are prohibited by law from lobbying Congress for a set period of time after leaving office.
D. Members of Congress are prohibited by law from joining the lobbying profession.
E. Many members of Congress were lobbyists prior to becoming elected representatives.

 
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Theodore Lowi’s theory of interest-group liberalism 
A. constitutes a partial and wrongful abdication by government of its authority over policy.
 B. argues that lawmakers are rightly prevented from using government to promote group interests.
 C. posits that interest groups result in an efficient use of society’s resources.
 D. describes the effect of groups on policy, resulting in a system of rule by majorities.
 E. deals with the tendency of officials to support the policy demands of the interest group or groups that have a special stake in a policy.

Theodore Lowi’s theory of interest-group liberalism
A. constitutes a partial and wrongful abdication by government of its authority over policy.
B. argues that lawmakers are rightly prevented from using government to promote group interests.
C. posits that interest groups result in an efficient use of society’s resources.
D. describes the effect of groups on policy, resulting in a system of rule by majorities.
E. deals with the tendency of officials to support the policy demands of the interest group or groups that have a special stake in a policy.

 
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A pluralist could be expected to argue that 
 A. the presidency is more representative of society’s interests than is the Congress.
 B. society is best seen as a collection of separate interests. 
C. U.S. society is best run by a power elite. 
D. most interests are poorly represented through the group process.
 E. the judiciary is more representative of society’s interests than is the Congress.

A pluralist could be expected to argue that
A. the presidency is more representative of society’s interests than is the Congress.
B. society is best seen as a collection of separate interests.
C. U.S. society is best run by a power elite.
D. most interests are poorly represented through the group process.
E. the judiciary is more representative of society’s interests than is the Congress.

 
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