In order for efficient pulmonary gas exchange to occur:
Select one:
A. the pulmonary capillaries must be completely constricted and the alveoli must be collapsed.
B. there must be low quantities of pulmonary surfactant to allow for full alveolar expansion.
C. the percentage of inhaled carbon dioxide must exceed the percentage of inhaled oxygen.
D. oxygen and carbon dioxide must be able to freely diffuse across the alveolar–capillary membrane.
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His parents tell you that their son has had a chest infection for the past two days and when they took him to their family doctor, they were told it was likely due to the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). They have kept him well hydrated, but the infection seems to have gotten worse. On auscultation, you hear decreased air entry bilaterally with fine expiratory wheezes and the occasional coarse wet crackle. Based on this information, your patient is most likely suffering from:
Select one:
A. pertussis.
B. bronchiolitis.
C. epiglottitis.
D. croup.
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Crackles (rales) are caused by _________.
Select one:
A. narrowing of the upper airways
B. air passing through fluid
C. mucus in the larger airways
D. severe bronchoconstriction
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Asthma is caused by a response of the:
Select one:
A. cardiovascular system.
B. respiratory system.
C. immune system.
D. endocrine system.
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