SQU Tourism Industry and Covid Effect Discussion

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          Academic Writing (01 ACW)

 

     In class test                                                                                                    Max Marks: 100

     Date: 17 December, 2020                                                                             Time 3 hours

 

 

Write an essay on ‘COVID 19 and the Tourism Industry’ in not less than 1000 words. Use the information given in the four texts efficiently for supporting your arguments.

 

 

 

  • You must support your points/arguments by citing from the given sources.
  • Paraphrase, summarize or direct quote (10% of direct quoting is allowed).
  • Be mindful of the structure and organization of your essay.
  • Prepare a reference list at the end.
  • Use Harvard style of referencing for in text citation and list of references.

                                                                                      

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source  1: Book
Author: William Harper
Page: 35
Title: COVID and Tourism
Publisher: Swan
Address: New York
Year: 2020

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source 1:

The world was not ready for a pandemic of this level. First it looked like a small problem but with the passage of time the world came to see its real impact. Each and every sector was impacted but the tourism sector was hit the most. In the tourism sector the airline industry is supposed to have suffered the most.

The closure of air transport at such a level was never experienced before. Businesses slowed down and in turn the airline industry had to suffer. Business travelers and people who could save some money earlier for travelling were no more in a position to travel. Business travel almost came to a standstill as there were airports where there were no flights for several months. Despite all of this some airlines continued their business though on a smaller scale. Things now have started coming back to normalcy and it is expected that soon air travel will start on its regular scale. There are experts who are of the opinion that in a few months’ time air travel will pick and airlines will have more business as people are tired of being at home and have been waiting for the travel bans to be lifted. Alongside this the steps taken by airlines and airport authorities have also had a very positive impact on people. People believe that airports are not as dangerous a place as they were projected earlier.

Airports around the world have started picking their operations and more and more flights are available for passengers and tourists. This is due to the level of dedication, enthusiasm and focused approaches from the airlines as well as airport managements.

 

 

Source  2: Internet
Year: 2020
Access date: Today
Title: How has COVID Impacted Tourism
Available at: www.tourism.org
Author: Elizabeth Emerson

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source 2:

Social distancing was a requirement of the COVID 19 pandemic. This was required so as to ensure safety of the people. Due to social distancing the hotel industry almost came to complete halt. There were hotels where there were no customers for weeks and months. Due to slow down in businesses people already had less to spend on tourism and travelling and the fear of getting the virus added to that. The hotel industry is supposed to have been impacted the most. This not only had an impact on the people directly employed by them but also impacted the indirect workers like food suppliers, taxi and transport workers. Added to this was the impact on the local businesses in tourist destinations which were running due to the tourists in that destination. Local food shops, small restaurants, tour guides and people making and selling handicraft were also negatively impacted. Tourism planners who are responsible for a consistent supply of tourists around the world also couldn’t work as usual.

Though all these sectors had a direct or indirect impact from the pandemic but most of the businesses seems to have survived the worst times. A positive impact of this whole situation is that now the best service providers will stay in the market. Competition has increased so service providers across the world are now focusing more on the quality of their services. New and better ways of looking after the tourists are being thought of and better ways of keeping customers happy are employed by the hotel, transport as well as other sectors.

 

 

 

 

Source  2: Internet
Year: 2020
Access date: yesterday
Title:  impact-of-covid-19-on-global-tourism
Available from:  https://www.unwto.org/news/impact-of-covid-19-on-global-tourism
Author: Elizabeth Emerson

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source 3:

Talking of Covid 19 and the impact it has on the tourism industry make you feel that two sectors were impacted the most in the whole situation i.e airlines and hotels.

Airline industry has highlighted that the current travel bans around the world brought them almost to a complete stop. Different salary cuts had to be put in place for several months as there was hardly any business for them. The airline industry faced its gravest crisis when the Government of China denied entry to foreigners in March 2020 until further notice. China is one of the major travel destination for the world and Chinese are on top of the list of international travelers. This ban was just a start, other countries and regions followed in no time. Luckily governments came to rescue and support the airline industry otherwise staying in the market without regular business was almost impossible. The good thing is airlines have also focused on the wellbeing, health and safety of the passengers and have taken steps for ensuring people get to have safe journeys.

The hotel industry was the second most impacted industry. In the months of February and March 2020 a huge number of room bookings were cancelled which caused a huge loss to the hotels. Countries and destinations where tourism is the biggest source of business were affected directly as well as indirectly. Hotels have lost billions of dollars’ worth of business during this pandemic. But it seems most of these businesses could survive this bad patch. Hotels have come up with new standards of safety for their customers. They are taking extra measures for ensuring hoteliers stay safe mentally as well as physically. From a customer’s perspective, room rents have also come down to some extent. Now you can pay less and get better services in a hotel which used to be very expensive before the pandemic.

 

Source 4: Journal
Year: 2020
Title:  How did the Tourism industry fight COVID.
Volume: 4
Page: 30-31
Issue: 3
Journal: Asian Pacific Journal of Tourism

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Source 4: Social distancing was a direct outcome of COVID-19 which made it necessary for people to ensure reduction in social contact, avoiding crowded places, or minimizing travel. These measures had direct as well as indirect impacts on the tourism industry.

There are multiple effects on the host communities as they are directly in contact with the tourists. In social impacts we can say that the presence of a large number of tourists at a destination was itself a hazard for the locals as well as the tourists. So instant decisions for stopping tourists from reaching destinations had to be taken.

There were some indirect impacts of the virus. Many people lost their job or had to get a lower pay than their usual salaries. Another aspect of COVID 19 was that new jobs could not be created. Leisure and business travelers, group and independent tourists, special interest tourists such as religious tourists felt it better to stay at home as this meant safety for them and their families. This had a very hard hitting impact on the current as well as new jobs in the tourism sector.

Businesses slowed down and in turn the airline industry also had impact. People had less to spare for touristic purposes. More importantly the fear of getting the virus made people stay away from sectors which even did not have any hand in the spread of the disease.

Tourism planning and supply businesses got affected so there were fewer than normal tourism planners and suppliers in the beginning but things have started to settle. According to WHO a restart is underway and soon things will come back to almost their previous state. As tourists are returning to destinations, hotels and local businesses have started to get more and more business.

 

 
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Introduction to Port #2

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Question Description

I’m stuck on a English question and need an explanation.

 

PART A: ARTICLE WRITING

Please select one of Oman ports and write an article in two (2) full pages related to one of the following topics.

  • Safety at Ports.
  • The impact of COVID-19 in the Port Industry.
  • Raising the Competition between Ports.
  • Globalization and Port Activities.
  • Elements of Port Development

 

  • Format of the article:

 

Font type: Times New Roman

Font size: 12

Spacing: Single Spacing

Paragraph: Justify the left and right side

Length of article: 3 pages (2 full pages for the article, 1 page for references)

Reference and Citation: Harvard style (book, journal, article, website)

Submission document: Microsoft Word ONLY

 

 

Avoid any cheating/copying that may result in an instant failing of the final assessment.

 

Note: Further information about how to conduct an article, please refer to https://www.toppr.com/guides/business-correspondence-and-reporting/article-writing/steps-of-article-writing/

 
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MC B Sc in Accounting Auditing and Finance Taxation & Tax Rate Worksheet

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Question Description

I’m trying to learn for my Accounting class and I’m stuck. Can you help?

 

The teacher extended the word limit to 1700-1800.

1. TASK 1(a): Put the types of taxation in a table and explain more (additional 400-600 words).

2. TASK 1(b): Clearly explain the 3 purposes of taxation ( economic, social and environmental), how it can help to reduce the gap between the rich and poor and how it helps to protect the environment (you can see it from chapter 1)

3. TASK 3: Write it as a report advising Mr. Amur regarding the deductible and non-deductible expenses & the various incomes included in P&L A/C.

  • From your position
  • To Mr. Amur
  • Date of when report was written
  • Subject needed
  • “Dear sir/Dear Mr. Amur, I’m explaining about the expenses which are deductible & non-deductible, which income is taxable, which income is not taxable as trading profit and how to treat the income”
  • Explain the incomes; “these are the incomes the accountant already included in the profit and loss account, these incomes are not trading profit, therefore you need to deduct it from the NET profit”
  • “These are expenses non-deductible but the accountant has already deducted, my advise is to add back”, “this expense you can deduct, don’t add back anything, leave it as it is” this type of wording
  • Calculation of trading profit, deductible, non-deductible
 
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Muscat College: Qualitative Research Data Collection Analysis & MGT Research Paper

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Question 1

  1. i)  In order to get closer to their customers, and understand their needs and wants better, marketers often employ qualitative marketing research techniques. Critically debate some of the more common qualitative research methods used by marketers and how they work in practice.

 

  1. ii)  With reference to examples, please discuss how an organisation might select and use both qualitative and quantitative marketing research methods for better understanding its customers. Discuss the important issues surrounding validity and reliability of the various marketing research techniques.

 

Question 2

  1. i)  The basic belief that it is not possible to serve the entire market effectively, marketers often segment markets. Critically discuss some of the more common market segmentation approaches by employed by marketers. Discuss the defined link between market segmentation, targeting and positioning.

 

  1. ii)  By referring to a company you are familiar with in the Middle East (or elsewhere), please demonstrate, in a logical fashion, how it segments the market and positions its product/service.

 

Question 3

  1. i)  Provide critical discussion around the important marketing concepts of brand equity and brand personality. Discuss how marketers measure these concepts.

 

  1. ii)  By considering a company you are familiar with in the Middle East as an example, explain how it has used these concepts to build powerful brand(s)?

 

 

 

Indicative answers to the exam questions

Question 1

  1. i)  Candidates first need to distinguish between secondary and primary research. In terms of primary qualitative research they need to demonstrate these research techniques are most suitable for exploring and understanding consumer attitudes and behaviours as opposed to measuring them. From a plethora of qualitative marketing research techniques (e.g. interviews, focus groups, consumer diaries, projective techniques, ethnographic research, etc), candidates will discuss them with their suitability for different situations. For example, candidates will suggest focus group research is more appropriate for public situations, where respondents are able to discuss their viewpoints openly, and one-to-one interviews is more suited to private situations. Candidates will illustrate this with appropriate examples. The importance of abiding by ethics when conducting marketing research will also feature in the answer. Excellent answers will briefly discuss the various uses of secondary data (e.g. to deal with customers’ complaints, data mining and developing customer relationships programmes).

 

  1. ii)  Candidate may discus customer satisfaction surveys used by companies and provide details of how these are conducted, including their appropriateness. Candidates will discuss how questionnaires are developed including measurement scales (e.g. Likert versus Semantic Differential), pilot tests, etc. Good answers will discuss the importance of validity and reliability of marketing research under both qualitative and quantitative methods. The importance of the types and sizes of samples for marketing research will also be present. Excellent answers will provide from literature to support their assertions/arguments.

Question 2

  1. i)  Candidates must demonstrate what is meant by segmentation first and discuss fully why segmentation is important to organisations (e.g. the need for choosing groups of customers to serve that match the company’s objectives and competences). Candidates will debate the various basis for market segmentation (e.g. customers’ demographics, psychographics, behaviour, benefits sought, etc.). They must discuss the efficacy of different segmentation basis for given situations.

 

  1. ii)  Candidates are required to discuss critically how companies deal with different segments they choose to serve, with an emphasis on how they use all the elements of the marketing mix (prozduct formulation, pricing, distribution and communication channels) effectively to target their chosen segments. They also need to discuss how companies strategically position their product/offering in different market segments (e.g. everyday products, premium, etc). Good answers will provide references from the literature to support their assertions/arguments.

 

 

Question 3

  1. i) Candidates will demonstrate that in the context of increasingly interchangeable product and service offerings, brands are crucial drivers for product purchasing and usage decisions. Thus, they constitute a substantial intangible asset for most companies (both in B-2-C and B-2-B settings). In order to maximize this asset, researchers have developed various brand equity models. Keller’s brand equity model is likely to figure in their discussion. The importance of brand personality will also be discussed and contextualised.

ii)
Candidates will discuss, evaluate – and for higher achievement – synthesise different brand equity models. They are also required to discuss the various components of the brand equity models and how they interlink to form strategic application tools for practitioners. They will discuss how their chosen company use these models effectively.

Overall, strong candidates will demonstrate how many of the marketing concepts are interlinked and inform/flavour their responses with these. They will be rewarded for this.

 

 
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