Café House Report Writing

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Café House Report Writing Assessment Answer

 

Executive Summary

The aim of this report is to identify a business plan that has immense opportunity and growth to earn a maximum profit by entering into a new market area. After analysing market it was identified that growth of herbal teas and coffee has increased as a result a new entrepreneurial idea was generated to open a café from the customers who are looking for a place where they can work and enjoy beverages simultaneously. The objective of establishing a café is to serve a place where people of all age can relax or conduct their important meetings. The core objective of this study is to identify and evaluate whether the business plan is feasible or viable to be introduced in the market or not. The idea of the business plan is analysed by industry analysis, competitor analysis, and market analysis and so on.

Contents

Background. 4

Mission. 4

Product Offering. 4

Success principle. 4

Market Analysis. 5

Industry analysis. 5

Competitor analysis. 6

Marketing Mix. 6

Product 6

Pricing. 7

Place. 7

Promotion. 7

Financial plan. 7

Critical risks. 8

Conclusion. 8

References. 10

Background

This report intends to discuss and describe an entrepreneurial idea to enter into anAustralian market.  There are many cafés in Australia that is always occupied with valuable customers in spite of this fact the customers are still not happy and satisfied. It is because consumers these days are becoming more health conscious. They prefer only those things which provide them health benefits thus there is a need for a café that provides customers with herbal tea and coffee in best quality and taste.  The idea behind herbal café is to create a place where people can relive out their stress and feel relaxed in the aroma of coffee beans and tea leaves. Tea and coffee have numerous health benefits that contribute to happiness and wellbeing of the customers(Grosso et al. 2017). This is the main reason behind the large consumption of these beverages in the country. It has been observed in the market that wherever people find coffee or tea they cannot keep themselves away from that café shop for a long period of time. They often end up drinking any of these beverages. This results that the market opportunity for opening a café house is very large but there are various significant challenges as well which can be overcome by adopting exceptional marketing strategies.  It has been observed that customers prefer only those places where the atmosphere is very appealing.

Mission

The mission of Hugs and Mugs is to serve the best herbal tea and coffee to its varied customers by providing them with an ambience where they can enjoy and have a pleasant feeling. The aim of the café is to become a daily necessity of the people. The café also stated in its strategies that it will keep bringing new things in the café so that people do not feel bored or tired of the place.

Product Offering

Café house has decided to make things simpler and thus only provide different kinds of tea and coffee to its customers. They have kept a wide range of tea and coffee for different customers in different brands.

Success principle

The café is planning to followsuccess principles. These include:

  • Great products

The company is planning to provide exemplary products at market prices so that people can return back again and again in the shop.

  • High Quality

The café is planning to bind its customers by ensuring that they use high-quality ingredients for the preparation of beverages.

  • Conversion of customers to connoisseurs

The café house is also designing marketing strategies in such a way that the customer gets converted into connoisseurs(Bjerke andRenger 2017).  Since people in Australia are already coffee lovers, therefore, they will automatically visit the café house if they find a high-quality product.

Market Analysis

 

Industry analysis

It has been identified that the coffee business is growing at a fast pace in the last few years.  It has been identified from the Roy Morgan research in 2016 that Australians drink 9.5 cups of tea every week(Tea Vision n.d.). On the other hand, it has been recognized that annual domestic coffee consumption in 2017 reached 1.71 million 60 kilogram bags. On average Australian drinks 1.92 kilograms of coffee per person(Statistan.d.).  The cravings for coffee and tea in the Australian market are enough to indicate that a café with a herbal motive can attract potential tea and coffee lovers towards the place. It has also been observed from the findings that the profit of the café shops in Australia has increased and is still growing to enhance in the coming financial years. It has been observed that students, as well as youth, are more likely to go a coffee shop in comparison to others, as a result, the owner of the café shop must understand the potential customers and try to attract them towards the destination by advertising health benefits of tea and coffee. Moreover, it has also been observed that Australia is known for having the best coffee culture in the entire world. Some of thecoffees produced in the country are known in the entire world for its uniqueness and its special taste. It has also been identified from the research that professionals also visit the coffee place and sometimes works in the café house itself for hours. It helps in revealing the fact that Australian may have turned health conscious but the love for these beverages is not going toreduce at any case. There is a high entry barrier in the country because there are many existing café houses in the country that is already flourishing and earning a huge amount of profit. It has been also identified that collaboration, growth, product and service innovations are the main factors that change the structure of the entire organization.

Competitor analysis

It has been observed that there are many tea and coffee houses in the country. Some of the tea masters include a sensation tea house, zee tea, top tea house, willows tea room, teahouse camellia garden, the tea salon, tea journal, tea room and so on(Australian Tea Mastersn.d.). In addition to the tea house, there are hundreds and thousands of coffee houses in the country. The best thing about all of them is that they all are flourishing in the market just because of Australian love coffee more than any other beverages. It is very difficult from the competitor analysis perspective to create a brand image of the coffee shop in Australia.  The niche market of the herbal and ultimate marketing strategies can only help the café to attract customers towards the shop. The shop must, therefore, use high-quality coffee beans and tea leaves to produce the best tea and coffee for its various customers by using cutting edge equipment’s. The highly competitive market is the potential risk for the café house. It is even possible that the café could not generate a substantial amount of profit which is required for sustaining the café in the Australian market(Rashid et al. 2015).  There are different substitute products in the market such as soda, juice, water, beer and sports drinks and so on.  People are spending money on goods which tempt them the most. Starbucks, Mcdonalds, Dunkin doughnuts are some shops that can give threat to the café house in the region. The café house must thus bring a multi-branding concept in the organization.

Marketing Mix

 

Product

Coffee and tea are the main products of the café house. To enhance the quality the café house has decided to use aherbal tea and organic coffee beans. The café house is trying to attract and lure customers by giving them a wide range of coffees and teas. The customer can select any tea or coffee brand according to their choice and specifications(Kimmel 2018). Since it is a café house thus customer service of the shop also plays a very important role in attracting customers towards the shop. Appetizing taste of the beverages and quick customer service are the basis for customer attraction.  The café is trying toattract youth and professionals together for producing higher benefits for the organization. The café house can also increase its customers by sweeping the entire region with new trends and flavours.  It has also been identified from the market analysis that most of the customers in Australia prefer latte over the other coffee brews.

Pricing

The pricing strategy of the marketing mix is necessary to attract consumers. It is because the high price of the beverages will not be accepted by the low or average income groups while the low cost of the beverages will degrade the standard of the tea and coffee in the market(Nagle, and Müller 2017). Thus, it has been identified from the market that café house must keep a medium range of the tea and coffee produced by the makers so that both high and low salaried person can also come and enjoy tea and coffee produced for them. In addition to income criteria, it is also necessary for the café house to identify the competitive marketing strategies of other café houses and brands because

Place

The café house can target young people by creating a cultural segment by introducing herbal tea and coffee products in the market through sales and promotional activities. The café house has different coffee ranges for a different type of customers. For higher-income customers, café provides more exotic taste than the general blends used for the average income customers(Cheng et al. 2017). The best part of the café house is that it is planning to attract all kinds of people by aiming to provide the best quality at economic benefits at a reasonable price.

Promotion

The company can use a variety of promotional activities and techniques to increase the popularity of coffee in the region. Large scale advertising can be the best technique to promote the brand in the Australian market. Broadcast and display media are a good source for advertising campaigns. The café can also introduce the products in the market through sales and promotion. The café must use point of sale promotion to increase the sales of the beverages among consumers(Hwang and Thomadsen2015). Cashback offers and giveaways will also help in increasing the number of customer visits.

Financial plan

The initial estimated cost of the café house is $ 10, 00,000. The cost of the project will further increase because there are many other cost overheads which will be included during the establishment of the café house. The cost estimated above will include both fixed and variable amount. The variable cost of the café house will be considered for the first one year of its operation(Batocchio et al. 2016). This cost will increase the cost of equipment’s, wages, ingredients, utensils, rent of the outlet, marketing exposure practices and so on. The cost of the café house will be divided into the following things. These include:

Rental cost: $150,000

Cost of equipment’s: $100,000

Wages and Salaries of the employees: $145,000

Marketing and Promotion Cost: $1, 00,000

Coffee beans and Tea leaves: $250, 000

Insurance: $50, 000

Maintenance Cost: $200,000

Critical risks

Coffee and tea market in Australia is subject to socio, economic, demographic, technological and environmental changes. All these forces operate in the macro environment of the country.  Each of these forces has the ability to change the marketing environment and create opportunities for the café houses in the market where it operates(Jurisch et al. 2016). The café house must, therefore, try to monitor the environment properly so that it can successfully operate in the competitive market. It has been identified that café can overcome critical risks by adopting good marketing mix strategies. This is why the café must try to capture market segments by serving the best quality drinks to its varied customer ranges.

Conclusion

It can be concluded from the above findings that business idea of cafe house in Australia is feasible. The planners of the organization must establish café house in such a way that it can overcome the existing challenges of the other competitors present in the market.  It has been observed that consumers these days are becoming more health conscious and are thus moving towards fresh, natural and healthy products. Since the café house is acclaiming to prepare herbal tea and best coffee thus the chances of people visiting the café house will increase manifolds.  This café house will also bring several attractive opportunities for its varied customers so that they can spend their tie relaxing, enjoying or by working in soothe and pleasant environment. Reasonable price and a wide variety of beverages by the café house is one of the biggest consumer attractions.  But it has also been identified that a small turn down in the economy of the café house can change the entire scenario of growth and profit in the organization. There are many competitors in the market which can pose threats to the café house. The decrease in the sale and an increase in the overhead expenses will have a negative impact on the growth and profitability of the café house. No doubt café shop is a very attractive market but without exclusive marketing strategies, the new café house would not be able to compete in the market.

References

Australian Tea Masters n.d.. Tea Businesses https//www.australianteamasters.com.au/tea-businesses/
Batocchio, A., Ghezzi, A., and Rangone, A. 2016. A method for evaluating business models implementation process.Business Process Management Journal,224, 712-735.
Bjerke, M. B., and Renger, R., 2017. Being smart about writing SMART objectives.Evaluation and program planning,61, 125-127.
Cheng, B., Furtado, A. and Henry, R.J., 2017. Long-read sequencing of the coffee bean transcriptome reveals the diversity of full-length transcripts.Gigascience,611, gix086.
Grosso, G., Godos, J., Galvano, F. and Giovannucci, E.L., 2017. Coffee, caffeine, and health outcomes an umbrella review.Annual review of nutrition,37, 131-156.
Hwang, M. and Thomadsen, R., 2015. How point-of-sale marketing mix impacts national-brand purchase shares.Management Science,622, 571-590.
Jurisch, M.C., Rosenberg, Z. and Krcmar, H., 2016. Emergent risks in business process change projects.Business Process Management Journal,224, 791-811.
Kimmel, A.J., 2018.Psychological foundations of marketing the keys to consumer behavior. London Routledge.
Nagle, T.T. and Mller, G., 2017.The strategy and tactics of pricing A guide to growing more profitably. London Routledge.
Rashid, S.M., Ghose, K. and Cohen, D.A., 2015. Brand identity Introducing renewed concept for coffee shops.PEOPLE International Journal of Social Sciences,11.
Statista n.d.. Australian coffee market – Statistics amp Facts https//www.statista.com/topics/4615/coffee-market-in-australia/
Tea Vision n.d.. Who is drinking tea in Australia https//www.teavision.com.au/blogs/teavision-blogs/five-australian-tea-trends

 
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NURBN2009 Ottawa Health Promotion for Obesity Nursing

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Ottawa Health Promotion for Obesity Nursing Assessment Answer

 

Introduction

Health promotion is a process that provides literacy to people to have control over their health and to improve it to promote health. As a foundational document for health promotion, Ottawa Charter was initiated in 1986 to spread awareness and educate mass for their health. It covers five field of action and has majorly three action strategies. It was organized by World Health Organization and has been promoting the health for so long. This charter provides a content and methodological integration model that develops various strategies such as health education, preventive medicine strategies, health counseling and health self-help. The epidemic of obesity has doubled in past few years. This essay covers the health promotion on obesity among the individuals of Dandenong. About 70 of men in Australia and about 56 women are obese (Edoconf, 2018). There is a need to educate and counsel people of Australia. The following essay will be covering various strategies for health promotion such as building health public policy, creating supportive environments, strengthening community actions, developing personal skills and reorienting health services to promote health literacy and education.

Health promoting strategies

Dandenong is one of the worst towns for having highest number of obese individuals (Cornish, 2014). To end this, the most logical choice that can be adopted is the Ottawa charter actions. Here the steps taken to educate mass of Dandenong about obesity by using the Ottawa charter field of actions are discussed and how they are specific for our target population. In order to promote health, the individuals of Dandenong need to be educated, made aware and counsel up on obesity and enable them to take actions to fight against it. Nurses promote health by education about disease prevention and changing the individuals behavior towards their health. They do this by adopting following strategies

Building health public policy

The literacy and health promotion policies are broad and it includes organizational changes, legislation, taxation and appropriate measures. The obstacles need to be identified for the adoption of public health policies and the development of mitigating ways (Flynn, 2015). The policies in health literacy need to be addressed as how these skills and to what extent will they influence the health of the population. The health and the education system along with the wider sphere of society and culture are to be improved to enhance health literacy. In Dandenong, to promote health the first step will be to build health public policy as per the Ottawa charter plan. For this, there is a need to establish correct statistics to find out the number of obese people and their lifestyle. We will identify all the risk factors that lead to obesity. There is state government policy and legislation in Australia that requires the councils to set a mission, priorities and goals for the improvement of the health and well-being considering all the contributing factors (Community well-being plan, 2017). A proper campaign to promote the awareness of obesity in Dandenong should be set up that would provoke people to see obesity as a risk factor of their lives. We will then draw up on all the obstacles that are coming in the way to build a suitable policy for obesity awareness and education. The obstacles faced during the campaign includes individuals misconceptions about their health, them not knowing they are obese, they did not know they have other disorders related to obesity only .The building of the ways to mitigate the obstacles will be the next step. It will be requiring policy support from multiple levels of government and integrating the strategies to build a policy.

Creating supportive environment

One of the five fields of actions of Ottawa charter for health promotion is to create supportive environment. This refers to create supportive settings such as providing environment in which people live, earn, work, play and carry out their daily activities. The creation of the highly supportive environments enables to make the healthy choices as the easiest choices. It is to improve living and working conditions for the individuals who are obese. Choosing on unhealthy packaged foods and fries is very easy and a ready-to-go option always for obese people. This kind of environment should be replaced with the healthy one. Creation of social groups that encourage people to eat healthy and exercise more in order to fight from obesity is a very good move. Calorie menu labeling will help in creating supportive environment as it would increase the demand of less energy healthier food options (A T Flynn, 2015). Various health nutrition actions would be taken to encourage people to adapt new habits of healthy eating and healthy living. According to guideline 1 of Australian guide to healthy eating, to meet the energy needs of a body it is important to choose healthy nutrition diet and drinks to be able to maintain a healthy weight and be physically active (Australian Government, Department of Health, 2017).

Strengthening community actions

It is the process of involving the community in the health promotion process. In order to be able to provide social support and community self-help, it utilizes the community resources. According to Ottawa charter, this action also looks forward to develop the systems that are flexible for strengthening participation of public in the direction of health matters (pdhpe, 2015). This action focuses on strengthening communities such as physical activity community and school community. The school community can be improved by teaching students to drink water instead of sugar sweetened beverages and giving them access to free drinking. In community, to increase physical activity, various strategies such as point of decision that tells to use path can be adopted (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017). For this, full support from social groups, individuals learning skills and funding support are required. There should be full access to the information and learning skills are required. According to the survey in Australia, residents of Greater Dandenong marked to have relatively limited physical activity. About 33 of greater Dandenong residents did not indulge in any physical activity for 30 minutes or more and that too not even for a day in a week (Brown, 2019). Residents of Greater Dandenong hold the second lowest score in Victoria for indulging in physical activity. There is a need to encourage the people to engage in physical activity to fight against obesity. Health promotion is very important for nurses but a number of obstacles related to the organizational culture prevents the effective delivery (Kemppainen et al., 2013).

Developing personal skills

This is the fourth strategy of Ottawa charter for health promotion. As a nurse it is very important to develop personal skills. Promoting health supports development of both personal and social by giving information, enhancing life skills and providing literacy for health. This way people are able to make health conductive choices and are able to control their own health. This action enables individuals to learn about various health aspects and chronic diseases and injuries and ways to cope and mitigate them (WHO, 2019). The nurses range of expertise should allow them to be able to use their skills to help others develop them. This action field focuses on what individuals are supposed to do. To develop personal skills, one should adopt healthy eating and should understand the need to exercise. A practical guidance on healthy eating guidelines and nutrition should be given to the mass of Dandenong. A nurse should be well developed with skills and knowledge about healthy eating and nutrition so that she is able to impart the knowledge to the people of Dandenong and which food is suitable according to age, gender, individuals with particular diseases and so on. This field focuses on developing personal, interpersonal skills and effective communication skills to be able to engage and consult with a wide range of people, individuals, organizations and communities. The nurses lack in health promotion competency so there is a need to develop personal skills.

Reorienting health services

This is the fifth field of action of Ottawa charter that requires much stronger attention to research in health sector and provides changes and alterations in education and training that are professional (World Health Organization, 2019). The health sectors role should always be moving increasingly in promoting health in right direction and beyond its duty to provide clinical services. Health professionals play an important role in educating and motivating people to fight against obesity by providing them with assistance. This section also focuses on funding and providing services related to health by providing preventions and early interventions. As statistics above shows the rate of obesity in Dandenong and its effect on mortality and morbidity rate by leading to various diseases, reorienting the health services will allow people to have access to health services that will ultimately decrease the burden. The government of Australia has taken several steps for individuals with obesity such as it is mandatory to have sugar labelling on packaged foods, food marketing and health star rating system (Plos, 2015).

Conclusion

Obesity is one of the major risk factors of many diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases among the individuals of Dandenong. The Ottawa charter encourages the health promotion for such individuals so that they can have control over their health and are able to do self-care. There is a need to educate and literate people about various health related risks so that they start taking action and take care of themselves. Ottawa broadly uses five above mentioned strategies for health promotion. More people participating in it would help in achieving better health in towns like Dandenong where obesity rate is too high. As a nurse by using Ottawa charter plan for promoting health certain measures can be taken and they are expected to show results of people with better health outcomes.

References

A T Flynn, M. (2015). Empowering people to be healthier Public health nutrition through the Ottawa Charter. The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 74(3), 1-10.
Australian Government department of health. (2017). Australian guide to healthy eating. Retrieved from https//www.eatforhealth.gov.au/guidelines/australian-guide-healthy-eatingBrown, H. (2019). Profile of health and well-being- Greater Dandenong. Retrieved from HYPERLINK https//www.google.co.uk/urlsatamprctjampqampesrcsampsourcewebampcd7 ampved2ahUKEwiLtLz1g4ThAhWb X30KHTVEBfsQFjAGegQIBRACampurlhttp3A2F2Fwww.greaterdandenong.com2Fdocument 2F261132Fhealh-and-wellbeing-profileampusgAOvVaw1vcGYbYyWhAW6OnORYUb_r
www.greaterdandenong.com/document/26113/healh-and-wellbeing-profile
Centers for disease control and prevention. (2017). Community efforts. Retrieved from https//www.cdc.gov/obesity/strategies/community.htmlCornish, L. (2014). Victoria leads way in fighting childhood obesity. Retrieved from https//www.heraldsun.com.au/news/victoria/victoria-leads-way-in-fighting-childhood-obesity/news-story/cade069424cb6d4566329a548702e754Edoconf. (2018). Australias rate of severe obesity has doubled. Retrieved from https//eatingdisordersaustralia.org.au/australias-rate-severe-obesity-doubled/Flynn, M. A. (2015). Empowering people to be healthier public health nutrition through the Ottawa Charter.Proceedings of the Nutrition Society,74(3), 303-312.
Kemppainen, V., Tossavainen, K., Turunen, H. (2013). Nurses roles in health promotion practice an integrative review. Health Promotion International, 28(4), 490-501.
Plos. (2015). Obesity prevention in Australia Clear opportunities for action. Retrieved from https//plos.org/globalhealth/2018/10/obesity-prevention-in-australia-clear-opportunities-for-action/Pdhpe.net. (2015). Strengthening community action. Retrieved from https//www.pdhpe.net/better-health-for-individuals/what-strategies-help-to-promote-the-health-of-individuals/the-ottawa-charter-as-an-effective-health-promotion-framework/strengthening-community-action/World Health Organization. (2019). Health promotion. Retrieved from https//www.who.int/healthpromotion/conferences/previous/ottawa/en/index1.html

 
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Risk Treatment and Management Plan

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Risk Treatment and Management Plan Assessment Answer

 

RISK TREATMENTS/RESPONSES

In this assessment, a reflection of all the risk treatment and the relevant responses needs to be done along with the several data analyses, risk identifications and also the tools and techniques for the same needs to be discussed. According to my business report, there are several risk treatments that are identified in this project and are further categorised as the positive and the negative risks. There are several possible risk treatments that are involved for the strategic risk treatments and for the dealing of the negative risks and threats and are further defined as the data gathering techniques also. The Delphi technique falls under this category and in this project of fleet trains for NSW it is used for minimising as the identified risks. The qualitative risk analysis techniques are also used in this project and the evaluation of the risk is done on the basis of the several factors keeping up in mind such as the cost, schedule, scope and the quality of the risks.

The risk management plan is said to be as a measure for the highlighting the relevant risks along with the management. The three of the main things that are prerequisite for the planning of the risks managements as their inputs and outputs for the tools and techniques are used for the input of the project. The roles and responsibilities are defined for the better planning and are also needed for planning of the better and different measures for predefining the roles and the responsibilities. According to the PMBOK, the risk tolerances for the stakeholder are also considered as the various risk management teams for the help of the organisations. The primary aim in these types of the risk management plan is used for the identifications of the risks that needs to be identified inorder to plan for the proper responses and the monitoring of the controlling of the structure in this project.

 
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Reflection Medication Error Assessment Answer

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Reflection Medication Error Assessment Answer

 

About This Reflection

Describe what it is you thought, observed, experienced or did

I am reflecting on an incident that happened during one of my clinical placements. I have used the Gibbs reflective model to reflect upon various stages that includes description, feeling, analysis, conclusion and action plan (Smith & Roberts, 2015). It aims to reflect on a critical incident involving medication error. With the on growing reliance on the medication therapy as the nursing intervention for most illnesses, patients receiving them are prone to a lot of benefits as well as potential harms. Use of medication consists of a broad range of activities that encompasses multi healthcare professionals and a variety of steps such as prescribing, transcribing, dispensing, administering and monitoring that leads to multiple opportunities for medical error (Saghafi, & Zargarzadeh, 2014). As a nursing student, one of my placements was in a critical care setting. I was working under the supervision of a senior registered nurse in the process of providing care to Mr. Harry (pseudonym) aged 62 years is a type-2-diabates patient has suffered a major heart attack last week and is on medications. The patient has been prescribed with saxagliptin, glipizide once a day, metformin twice a day whereas morphine when in extreme pain conditions.

It was about a day in the ward when I was observing the ECG of Mr. Harry after the daily tests and observations and was taking the vital signs when I noticed some abnormalities in heart rate. I noticed that there has been an extensive swelling on both the feet and he also complained about having chest pain and vomiting from last night. I informed this to the registered nurse after which we checked the medication chart. After checking the medication chart, we concluded that the nurse in the previous shift has overdosed morphine. The maximum morphine dosage for the patient was 3 gm per day as prescribed by the doctor, but had already had overdosed 4 gm by the nurse. Vomiting and swelling are the two indicative signs that the patient’s health has been adversely affected by the overdosage of morphine (Liu, Yang & Tao, 2018).

Reaction to The Event

Describe your thoughts and feelings. If relevant, describe your physical, intellectual or emotional reaction to it I realized that it is just a matter of one bad experience that is enough to change the person’s outlook towards the healthcare settings. This crucial incident made me felt worried about the patient’s condition due to the overdose of morphine. Morphine is a kind of pain-relieving opioid that is harmful for the cardiac patient. The adverse effects of the drug include chest pain, irregular heart rhythm and rate, swelling, agitation and dizziness (Manglik et al., 2016).

I felt devastated on realizing that the nurse at the previous shift did not read the medication chart properly and administered the same medicine twice. The behaviour and negligence of the nursing staff can be considered as the two factors that impacted the patient’s health and attitude outcomes. I believe that it is the duty of the nurse to be vigilant enough while administering medications to the critically ill patients in order to maintain his health and wellbeing. Medication safety is very much important where administrating right dosages to the patients is important in treating or preventing illness of the patient (WHO, 2017).

What can be learned from your reactions or the reactions of others? Can the event be analysed with the aid of theory or related to other experiences?

Looking back on the incident, I have gained a strong understanding about the medication safety and importance of providing right dosages for maintaining optimal patient well-being. It has been found that the medication errors involving improper dosages accounts for 41% of the fatal medication errors (Marks, 2018). The case was thought-provoking for me that made me the realize the importance of medication safety and medication dosage.  It has been observed that most of the opioids including morphine tends to have a direct negative impact on the cardiac contractility. However, administration of opioid medications combining to other medications can be taken seriously as it is associated with decreased cardiac function (Chen & Ashburn, 2015). According to the standards of Medication Safety, the five rights of medication involving right patient, right drug, right dose, right time and right route (Smeulers et al., 2015).

I evaluated this incident with having a deep insight about the proper maintenance and checking of medication chart before administering any medication to the patient. It also made me noticed that the nurse on the previous shift was on double shift. Medication errors generally occurs due to a variety of reasons that includes fatigue, carelessness, stress, long work hours and poor communication (Bolandianbafghi et al., 2017). The use of opioids has been observed associated with the increased risk of coronary heart disease. Medication error occurs due to the wrong medicine regimen to incorporate involving the wrong dosages (Wahr & Merry, 2017). The acknowledgment of the situation made me realize that due to the prolonged working hours and lack of proper understanding, the nurse rushed to administer the patient with wrong dosage.

Future Planning

What would you do in similar circumstances in the future? If relevant, how might similar circumstances be avoided?

By looking at the entire scenario, I have made it a point to never repeat the same in the future. It is very much important to cross check the medication charts. I have realized that it is very much important to comply to the standards of the medication safety in the healthcare environment. Non-compliance to the safety standards can cause the deterioration of the patient’s health (Fuzzell et al., 2018). I have learned about the five rights of the medication safety which works in accordance to the medication chart of the patient to administer medicines to the patient. Thus, the similar situations can be avoided by being vigilant and having a thorough reading about the dosages of the medicines being prescribed to the patient to avoid medication errors and also to deliver optimal quality care to the patients. Also, education and training can be provided to the nurses in order to make them more confident to perform safe medications administrative practices on critically ill patients (Lee, Jang & Park, 2016).

The education practices will also help in coping up with the extra workload and in prioritizing the tasks to ensure the patient safety and health. Documentation of the medications can also be a helpful strategy that will help in maintaining the records of the patients and promotes health safety of the patients (Ni Chroinin et al., 2016).

Overall Reflection

From thinking about and writing about this event, what have you learned about your learning and development?

As a result of the entire incident, I realized that the complete incident was thought-provoking for everyone. Mr. Harry’s deteriorated condition with the continuous chest pain and vomiting has reflected the medication error that has been caused by the overdosage of morphine. Medication errors are the adverse drug events that can be caused by a variety of reasons (Saghafi & Zargarzadeh, 2014). The negligence and fatigue of nurse due to prolonged shifts and stress has led to medication error (Bolandianbafghi et al., 2017). However, the medication errors are preventable that needs more sincere approach to deal with. Adhering to the medication safety helps in overcoming the medication errors in the future. Reflecting back upon the incident now I feel much more confident and responsible now in working accordingly for prioritizing the safety of the patient and to challenge the practices that are not culturally safe. In the future as a Registered nurse, I will aim at complying to all the standards and procedures related to the medication safety.

I will make it as a goal for my learning and will be extra cautious and accountable for maintaining an enhanced nurse-patient relationship. As a healthcare professional, I will abide to my duties while taking care of the patients and will always ensure in promoting the safety of the patient and health related quality of life by reducing the harms caused to the patients in the healthcare settings.

Have you thought about how you might tag this plan to make it more searchable in the future? You can add multiple tags to reflect personal, professional and/or academic goals.

  • #medicationerror
  • #heartfailure
  • #dosages
  • #morphine
  • #medicationsafety
  • #patientsafety
  • #training
  • #chestpain
  • #opiates

 

References

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