B40.3188 – Topics in international Finance: Applied Financing Strategies

Course Objectives
The course is intended for future finance professionals and corporate executives seeking a “practitioner’s”
grasp on how to structure and execute financing strategies in the international capital markets. As such,
the course is largely taught from the borrower’s perspective, looking at his/her interaction with the
investment banks and the capital markets. The borrower must develop the best financing strategy in
order to facilitate the achievement of the company’s business objectives.
The first part of the course will review the instruments, markets and pricing methodologies typically
utilized to formulate a financing strategy. The second part will focus on the analytical framework
necessary for a company to assess the appropriate capital structure, in terms of leverage, instruments
and related markets. The third part will include sophisticated derivatives and structured finance
techniques. Students will be exposed to decision-making situations across different industries,
geographies and financial conditions. The course will make large use of real case studies written by the
instructor based on his professional experience. This course would be particularly useful to students who
are interested in a career in the capital market department of investment banks, in the finance
department of corporates, or as an advisor on financing strategies.
Course Method
This is an applied course. It aims at providing students with the required skills for structuring and
executing financing strategies in the international capital markets. The case study approach provides an
opportunity to apply products and methodologies to real-life deals. The course will be taught in the form
of lectures together with cases studies intended for class discussion.
As in any case-based course, the method of analysis and the questions posed are far more important
than the final answers. Consequently, the lessons and insights drawn from these cases are largely a
function of the effort and care students invest into being fully acquainted with the readings and cases for
each session. Classes will include discussion of readings, case analysis and group activities.
Instructor
Tommaso Albanese is an Adjunct Professor in Finance at Stern. He is a former Managing Director of
Morgan Stanley & Co, Co-Head of Global Capital Markets in Europe and Global Head of Corporate
Derivatives. He also teaches at the Cass Business School in London.
Text and Cases
The textbook for the course is:
E.Brigham, M.Ehrhardt, Financial Management: Theory and Practice, (South-Western, 2008) (“FMTP”).
The additional readings and assigned cases will be provided on Blackboard during the course. Class
notes will be distributed in advance of each session.
Assignments
All case assignments will be turned in by groups of three to four students each. In addition to preparing
for each class, groups will be responsible for the following:
-One case presentation in class.
-Two case write-ups for the remaining cases.
Class presentation. There are five cases assigned for the course to be allocated between the groups.
Each presentation will last no longer than 20 minutes. It should focus on the substantive issues rather
than being a question-by-question response. Spend time on presenting insights not background
information. Attention should be paid to the clarity and quality of your message.
Write-up. The coversheet should include the name of the case and the group members. The first page
should be titled “Executive Summary” and should contain the main insights that have emerged from
analyzing the case. The next one or two pages (no more) should contain a numbered list with the
answer to each question in the case (all supporting work in appendices). The write-up will be graded for
content and format. Write-ups should be turned in electronic format at talbanes@stern.nyu.edu and in
hardcopy format prior to the session for which they are assigned.
Grading
Grades will be computed as follows:
Case Assignments (as per above) 40%
Final Exam 40%
Class participation 20%
Final Exam. The final exam will be an individual effort. It will last about sixty minutes and will consist of
a list of questions (six to eight) to test the depth of your understanding of the material. The questions
will only refer to the topics covered in class. It is a closed book exam.
Class Participation. It will be evaluated on the basis of participation to the class discussion. Quality is
more important than quantity. Quality comments are those who move the conversation forward, or offer
a different, unique and relevant perspective, or build on other comments, or raise apparent tradeoffs in
the analysis. The evaluation is adversely affected by lack of attendance or the creation of negative
classroom externalities.

 
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B40.3186 – Project Finance and Infrastructure Investment

Rationale
This course will provide students with an understanding of the fast changing dynamics around project
and infrastructure finance. For many years, project finance has been the core technique for financing
infrastructure and other large-scale projects worldwide. Carefully engineered financings have allowed an
efficient allocation of the project risks between sponsors and investors, typically under the umbrella of
government or multilateral finance programs. More recently, private capital has taken the lead. The
syndicated project finance business has given space to direct equity investments and hybrid secured
financings. Specialized funds have flourished using the private equity model to buy the infrastructure
asset and leverage it up to increase the return on capital. This course will also provide students with an
exposure to the current debate on how the credit crunch has tempered the pace of such investments and
how the recent infrastructure spending plans initiated by governments around the world need a
significant private capital participation in order to have a meaningful chance of being implemented.
Course Objectives
The first part of the course will provide the necessary theoretical and conceptual tools for financial
analysis and decision-making in relation to project and infrastructure finance. The course is designed to
introduce students to project feasibility, evaluation, financial analysis and structuring, use of various
sources of funds and markets, and contractual documentation. The second part will focus on the global
need for infrastructure investments (accelerated by the recent stimulus policies) and the increased role
played by private capital in the form of private equity, insurance companies, pension funds and sovereign
wealth funds. Students will appreciate how international investors now consider infrastructure as an
asset class per se. The course will make large use of real case studies, including greenfield and
brownfield projects in energy, renewable power, transportation, and water. Area of focus will be the US,
the UK and emerging markets. Student will learn the cogent analyses of why some deals have succeeded
while others have failed. At least one session will be devoted to derivatives, swaps and financial
modelling as these techniques apply to project finance analysis. The course will be very useful to
students interested in a financial career in the sector, or in a bank/ government institution involved in
project and infrastructure financing, or for portfolio managers that will inevitably consider an exposure to
this asset class.
Course Method
The course aims at providing students with the technical and strategic skills required to analyze and
evaluate infrastructure projects. The case studies provide an opportunity to apply the project finance
principles and valuation methods to real-life projects. The course will be taught in the form of lectures
together with case studies intended for class discussion.
As in any case-based course, the method of analysis and the questions posed are far more important
than the final answers. Consequently, the lessons and insights drawn from these cases are largely a
function of the effort and care students invest into being fully acquainted with the readings and cases for
each session. Classes will include discussion of readings, case analysis and group presentations.
Instructor
Tommaso Albanese is an Adjunct Professor in Finance at Stern. He is a former Managing Director of
Morgan Stanley & Co, Co-Head of Global Capital Markets in Europe and Global Head of Corporate
Derivatives. He also teaches at the Cass Business School in London.
Text and Cases
The textbook for the course is: John D. Finnerty, Project Financing: Asset Based Financial Engineering,
(Wiley Finance, 2007) (“JF”). The additional readings and assigned cases will be provided on Blackboard
during the course. Class notes will be distributed in advance of each session.
Case Assignments
All case assignments will be turned in by groups of three to four students each. In addition to preparing
for each class, groups will be responsible for the following:
-One case presentation in class.
-Two case write-ups out of the remaining cases.
Class presentation. There are five cases assigned for the course to be allocated between groups. Each
presentation will last no longer than 20 minutes. It should focus on the substantive issues rather than
being a question-by-question response. No time should be spent on presenting background information.
Focus should be on presenting insights. Attention should be paid to the clarity and quality of the message.
Write-up. The coversheet should include the name of the case and the group members. The first page
should be titled “Executive Summary” and should contain the main insights that have emerged from
analyzing the case. The next one or two pages (no more) should contain a numbered list with the
answer to each question in the case (all supporting work in appendices). The write-up will be graded for
content and format. Write-ups should be turned in electronic format at talbanes@stern.nyu.edu and in
hardcopy format prior to the session for which they are assigned.
Grading
Grades will be computed as follows:
Case Assignments (as per above) 40%
Final Exam 40%
Class participation 20%
Final Exam. The final exam will be an individual effort. It will last about sixty minutes and will consist of
a list of questions (six to eight) to test the depth of your understanding of the material. The questions
will only refer to the topics covered in class. It is a closed book exam.
Class Participation. It will be evaluated on the basis of participation to the class discussion. Quality is
more important than quantity. Quality comments are those who move the conversation forward, or offer
a different, unique and relevant perspective, or build on other comments, or raise apparent tradeoffs in
the analysis. The evaluation is adversely affected by lack of attendance or the creation of negative
classroom externalities.

 
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SOCIOL 703: Sociology of Mental Health

General course information
This course is taught through a weekly three hour session consisting of both a lecture and discussion (though at postgraduate level, the two are very much combined). The University’s general expectation is that each postgraduate course requires an average of twenty hours work per week. This includes attendance at each session, reading of the required texts, and additional study towards reaching the learning outcomes, and successfully completing the related assignments.
Course objectives
By the end of the course, students will be able to:

  • Critically evaluate medicine’s and psychiatry’s focus on behaviour considered ‘sick’ or ‘abnormal’ as part of the more general process of modernity.
  • Critically assess medicine and psychiatry as social, economic, cultural and political -as well as medical- projects.
  • Critically evaluate the profession of psychiatry through use of relevant social and sociological theory.
  • Place medicine and psychiatry within its wider social, cultural, economic and political contexts.
  • Critically debate current key topics within the sociology of medicine and mental health.

To achieve the course objectives you will need to:

  • Attend the weekly sessions.
  • Read and understand the compulsory readings.
  • Take an active role in the weekly sessions.
  • Research your assignments thoroughly, drawing on appropriate literature and social theory in the area.
  • Complete your assignments on time.

Course assessments
The assignments for this course are: First Essay Proposal (10%), First Essay (40%), Second Essay Proposal (10%), and Second Essay (40%)
Note: It is strongly recommended that students discuss their proposed essay topics with the Lecturer well in advance of the substantive writing periods.
Summary of deadlines/assignments:

  • By 6pm on Friday 22 March: Upload* First Essay Proposal (10%): 1,000 word proposal for a critical essay on the history of psychiatry using a topic of your own choosing.
  • By 6pm on Monday 15 April: Upload* First Essay (40%): 5,000 word socio-historical essay on psychiatry using a topic of your own choosing.
  • By 6pm on Friday 10 May: Upload* Second Essay Proposal (10%): 1,000 word proposal for a project essay on a sociology of mental health topic of your own choosing.
  • By 6pm on Wednesday 5 June: Upload* Second Essay (40%): 5,000 word project essay on a sociology of mental health topic of your own choosing.

*Please note that there is no physical hand-in of assignments for this course. Instead, all assignments must be uploaded to Turnitin via the SOCIOL 703 Campus page. Once marked, comments and feedback will be available through accessing your assignment on Turnitin.
First Essay Proposal (10% of final mark)
Due by 6pm on Friday 22 March
A 1,000 word proposal for an essay on the history of psychiatry using a topic of your own choosing.
This assignment encourages you to plan your essay and carry out initial background research systematically and with a clear focus; the feedback you will receive from this assignment will help you successfully complete the essay itself.
See the ‘First Essay’ details below for the required focus of this assignment. The proposal should outline the rationale for undertaking this essay, including clarification as to why the topic chosen is sociologically relevant and useful to investigate. Central to the proposal will be a brief summation of your main argument – typically, this will include reference to the ‘official account’ (including the ‘official history’) on the topic as well as alternative views from sociological and associated scholars (including alterative/critical historical accounts). The proposal also needs to consider why the discussion in your essay is of relevance to contemporary study in the sociology of mental health. The structure of the proposal can vary, though some may wish to follow a typical structure used by academic journals for abstracts (e.g. introduction, background, results, discussion, conclusion, etc.).
First Essay (40% of final mark)
Due by 6pm on Monday 15 April
A 5,000 word socio-historical essay on psychiatry using a topic of your own choosing.
A critical grounding in the history of psychiatry is crucial to conceptualising the current character and status of psychiatry and the mental health system in western society. For this assignment you will need to choose a topic that allows you to explore the socio-historical development of psychiatric professionals as the experts within the field of mental health and/or their medical technologies/practices as appropriate responses to forms of mental illness. In this assignment you will need to include both ‘official’ and ‘alternative’ accounts of such histories. This means, including commentators who support a scientific view of psychiatry as ‘objective’, ‘progressive’, and truth-seeking, and those -especially from sociology and associated disciplines- who have questioned such ideas. You will also need to contextualise your account within the current workings of psychiatry and the mental health system, giving some implications from your study for the sociology of mental health.
Please be as specific as possible with the focus for your essay: ‘women and the medical gaze’, for example, is far too broad a topic for research, whereas an essay on ‘the medicalisation of the housework’ is much more likely to succeed.
Second Essay Proposal (10% of final mark)
Due by 6pm on Friday 10 May
A 1,000 word proposal for a project essay on a sociology of mental health topic of your own choosing.
This assessment has the same basic requirements as the ‘First Essay Proposal’ (see above), but please see ‘Second Essay’ details below for the required focus of the essay.
Second Essay (40% of final mark)
Due by 6pm on Wednesday 5 June
A 5,000 word project essay on a sociology of mental health topic of your own choosing.
Your essay must be on a topic or sub-topic from within the sociology of mental health, and must be on a substantially different topic to your first essay. You can choose something related to a topic we have covered on this course, but please feel free to develop your own ideas.
Again, narrow your topic and be quite specific about what you are proposing to study, including questions to answer in your work. Researching a topic as broad as ‘medication and mental health’, for example, is unlikely to succeed, whereas ‘Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and productivity in the workplace’ is more likely to.
Important notes on the completion of assessments
In line with International Sociological Association policy, the use of sexist, racist or homophobic language will not be tolerated on this course.
In completing your assignments successfully you should:

  • include a full title at the beginning of each assessment which clearly outlines your research topic;
  • demonstrate a clear structure within your first and second essays, including the clear marking/naming of different sections;
  • have a clear and specific research focus;
  • include specific thinkers, theorists, texts, sources and examples;
  • include a minimum of 20 academic references (e.g. journal articles, books, chapters) in both your first and second essays;
  • use good English, with appropriate punctuation, avoiding slang and abbreviations;
  • include a bibliography which contains all the references used in the main text of your assignments;
  • comply with APA or Harvard referencing styles;
  • include a word count total at the end of each assignment.

Please note that marks will be deducted for lateness, for being more than 10% under or over the word limit, and for poor referencing (both in-text and end reference list).
Please plan your background research and writing appropriately. I will no longer accept assessments for marking if they are over a week late – in these cases the work will receive no mark.
Please check your assignment matching score in advance on Turnitin (you can re-submit your assignment on Turnitin up until the official deadline date/time). Assignments with a match score higher of 40% or higher on Turnitin will receive no mark.
Course readings
Please see the SOCIOL 703 ‘Reading Lists’ page on Canvas to access the mandatory weekly course readings. There is no hard copy reader or text book for this course.
Additional readings and sources can be found in the library (see following section for additional weekly readings; the section after that has a large selection of sociology of mental health references and sources to help with your essay work).

 
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Finance Case

The typical case report will be about 3 pages (single spaced) in length, not including spreadsheets and other calculations.  You must show in the report or in the appendix, all formulas used and all calculations performed to support your analysis. 
CASE 7: The Financial Detective, 2005
Synopsis and Objectives
The case presents you with financial ratios for eight pairs of unidentified companies and asks you to mate the description of the company with the financial profile derived from the ratios. The primary objective of this case is to introduce you to financial ratio analysis—in particular, the range of ratios and the insights each one affords. This case presumes that you have already been introduced to the definitions of various financial ratios through other readings or lectures, and prerequisite classes.
The structured exploration of pairs of companies within an industry affords a number of important insights into strategy and financial performance. First, the economics of individual industries account for significant variations in financial ratios because of differences in technologies, product characteristics, or competitive structures. Second, financial performance results from managerial choices: within industries, the wide variation in financial ratios is often a result of the differences in corporate strategy in marketing, operations, and finance. You should see the interaction of strategy and financial performance.
Comparisons among industries
This case is primarily about the effects of managerial strategy on financial ratios, but it also affords several insights about the effect of industry differences on financial ratios. For instance, differences in asset intensity can produce dramatically different asset structures (for example, compare the percentages of inventory and net property, plant, and equipment [PP&E] for paper products with computers). The rate of technological change can manifest itself in several ways including the reinvestment rate required to stay competitive (for example, compare dividend-payout ratios for newspapers, and books and music). Industry structure is believed to affect the profitability through the pricing power of the firm. The newspaper industry can be characterized as locally oligopolistic (in some areas, however, monopolistic); the discount retail industry is much more competitive in structure. The gross profit margins of the two industries differ substantially. The general insight is that, in conducting the financial analysis of a firm, one must understand the nature of the industry.
Some observations about the art of ratio analysis:

  • Ratio analysis is only as good as the financial statements that underlie it. In particular, one needs to understand the accounting policies that generated the statements. The various treatments of goodwill, lease obligations, and equity interests in subsidiaries appear in the discussions. In addition, the absence of data can frustrate ratio analysis.
  • Frameworks such as the DuPont system of ratios and categories of ratios (activity, profitability, liquidity, and leverage) are useful organizing schemes for an analysis.
  • Naïve ratio analysis can absorb considerable time, as one seeks to find a pattern (any pattern) in the blizzard of numbers. Effort is economized by thinking first about the underlying business that generated the ratios.

In the Case Report, you must relate the description to the company (A,B,C,etc.) and list and discuss the ratios that justify your choice.  You will need more than one ratio to support your choice.  The chosen ratio must be relevant to the industry.

 
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