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CHAPTER 10 MASTERING BIO

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1. 16 A diploid organism whose somatic (nonsex) cells each contain 32 chromosomes produces gametes containing _____ chromosomes.
2. 23 Normal human gametes carry _____ chromosomes
3. anaphase I Homologous chromosomes migrate to opposite poles during _____.
4. anaphase II During _____ sister chromatids separate.
5. Asexual reproduction
What name is given to this process?
6. B AND C
Which of these gametes contains one or more recombinant chromosomes?
7. C and D
Which of these cells is (are) haploid.
8. Each egg has a one-fourth chance of having blue long, blue short, orange long, or orange short combinations.
A certain (hypothetical) organism is diploid, has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12, and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19, as shown in the figure. A female with a paternal set of one orange and one long gene chromosome and a maternal set composed of one blue and one short gene chromosome is expected to produce which of the following types of eggs after meiosis?
9. four….haploid Meiosis II typically produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
10. I
You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism, determined the relative DNA content for each type, and plotted the results on the graph shown in the figure.
Which sample(s) might represent a zygote?
11. I
You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism, determined the relative DNA content for each type, and plotted the results on the graph shown in the figure. Which sample(s) of DNA might be from a skin cell arrested in G0 of the cell cycle?
12. I
Refer to the drawings in the figure of a single pair of homologous chromosomes as they might appear during various stages of either mitosis or meiosis. Which diagram represents anaphase I of meiosis?
13. II
You have isolated DNA from three different cell types of an organism, determined the relative DNA content for each type, and plotted the results on the graph shown in the figure. Which sample(s) might represent an animal cell in the G2 phase of the cell cycle?
14. II ONLY
Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure. Which of the life cycles is (are) typical for plants and some algae?
15. II ONLY
Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure. Which of the life cycles is (are) typical for most fungi and some protists?
16. I ONLY
Refer to the life cycles illustrated in the figure. Which of the life cycles is (are) typical for animals?
17. meiosis Human gametes are produced by _____.
18. metaphase II During _____ chromosomes align single file along the equator of a haploid cell.
19. NO MALES CAN BE FOUND
There is a group of invertebrate animals called rotifers, among which a particular group of species reproduces, as far as is known, only asexually. These rotifers, however, have survived a long evolutionary history without evidence of having been overcome by excessive mutations.

Because the rotifers develop from eggs, but asexually, what can you predict?
20. one chromosome 12 with one blue gene and one chromosome 19 with one long gene
A certain female’s number 12 chromosomes both have the blue gene and number 19 chromosomes both have the long gene. As cells in her ovaries undergo meiosis, her resulting eggs (ova) may have which of the following?
21. one-half blue short and one-half orange short gene eggs
A certain (hypothetical) organism is diploid, has either blue or orange wings as the consequence of one of its genes on chromosome 12, and has either long or short antennae as the result of a second gene on chromosome 19, as shown in the figure. If a female of this species has one chromosome 12 with a blue gene and another chromosome 12 with an orange gene, and has both number 19 chromosomes with short genes, she will produce which of the following egg types?
22. prophase I Synapsis occurs during _____.
23. prophase II During _____ a spindle forms in a haploid cell.
24. random fertilization,
independent orientation of chromosomes in meiosis,
crossing over		 Which processes lead to most genetic variation in sexually reproducing organisms?
25. Sexual reproduction results in many new gene combinations, some of which will lead to differential reproduction. There is a group of invertebrate animals called rotifers, among which a particular group of species reproduces, as far as is known, only asexually. These rotifers, however, have survived a long evolutionary history without evidence of having been overcome by excessive mutations.

How is natural selection related to sexual reproduction as opposed to asexual reproduction?
ANSWER:
26. sporophyte, meiosis, spore, mitosis, gametophyte, mitosis, gametes, fertilization
In part III of the figure, the progression of events corresponds to which of the following series?
27. The sporophyte’s chromosome number per cell is 10 and the gametophyte’s is 5.
In a life cycle such as that shown in part III of the figure, if the zygote’s chromosome number is 10, which of the following will be true?
28. telophase I At the end of _____ and cytokinesis, haploid cells contain chromosomes that each consist of two sister chromatids.
29. telophase II At the end of _____ and cytokinesis there are four haploid cells.
30. two…..haploid Meiosis I produces _____ cells, each of which is _____.
31. V only Refer to the drawings in the figure of a single pair of homologous chromosomes as they might appear during various stages of either mitosis or meiosis. Which diagram(s) represent(s) anaphase II of meiosis?
 
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