PHI 208 Week 1 Quiz Answers
1. According to Rachels’ article “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, many people accept the “conventional doctrine” that active euthanasia is always wrong while passive euthanasia is sometimes okay because:
they believe that it is never permissible either to let someone die or to kill them.
They believe that letting die is morally worse than killing.
They believe that killing is intrinsically worse than letting die
they believe that there is no intrinsic moral difference between killing and letting die
2. Leon Kass argues that there is an important difference between withdrawing treatment and active, direct mercy killing, and this difference lies in:
the amount of suffering that the patient experiences.
the laws of the United States.
The choices of the patient.
The primary intention of the doctor
3. According to Glaukon from the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, justice is based on
The laws of God.
Agreements people make that are mutually beneficial.
Natural goodwill among people.
The will of the powerful
4. Leon Kass argues that legalizing euthanasia will likely:
lead to a breakdown of trust in the doctor-patient relationship.
lead to patients feeling coerced into opting for euthanasia.
lead to a decline in the use of palliative care.
All of the above
5. According to the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, The Ring of Gyges gave the shepherd who found it:
Invisibility
Intelligence
Justice
time-travelling ability
6. According to Mary Midgley in the article “Trying Out One’s New Sword,” what is a feature of almost all cultures that shows why moral isolationism is wrong?
They all recognize and accept modern Western values.
They formed out of the interactions of many different cultures coming in contact.
They all share the same beliefs about humanity and God.
They are all offshoots of an original, master culture
7. In “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, Rachels concludes that:
Active euthanasia is always worse than passive euthanasia.
passive euthanasia is always worse than active euthanasia.
active euthanasia is sometimes morally permissible.
none of the above
8. In “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, James Rachels points out that when passive euthanasia is employed on infants, they typically die of:
dehydration and infection.
SARS.
a broken heart.
poisoning
9. In “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, Rachels claims that when infants with Down’s syndrome are denied necessary operations, the reason is typically:
because the surgery would be too expensive.
simply because the infants have Down’s syndrome.
because the surgery would be too difficult.
because there is certainty that the infant will die soon anyway
10. According to the assigned videos, what is palliative care?
Treatments that are only provided in Canada.
Treatments that relieve suffering for people in life threatening situations that allow them to live their lives to the fullest.
Treatments that heal people when they face life-threateningillnesses.
Treatments that involve painful processes that help to kill
11. According to Glaukon from the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, people are:
Most people would use it for good.
Everyone would use it for their own advantage.
Most people would not continue to act the way they normally do.
Everyone would use it to commit injustice
12. Leon Kass argues that the primary responsibility of physicians is to:
respect the autonomy of the patient.
make decisions on the basis of compassion and good intention.
benefit sick by the activity of healing.
preserve a patient’s life by every means possible.
13. In 2003, how many people died in Canada, according to the video “Dying for Care: Quality Palliative and End of Life Care in Canada”?
350,000
2.2 million
750,000
226,000
14. According to the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, if Glaukon is correct, then justice
is always more beneficial than injustice.
is valuable only insofar as it helps in individual satisfy his or her own interests.
has value only relative particular cultures.
is valuable in its own right.
15. In the article “Trying Out One’s New Sword,” what does Mary Midgley use example of the samurai to illustrate?
It’s not necessarily wrong to apply standards and values from our own culture when considering another culture.
People who object to making moral judgments about other cultures typically do so by making positive moral judgments about those cultures.
To refuse to apply moral judgments to other cultures is to fail totake those other cultures seriously.
All of the above
16. According to Glaukon from the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, If the Ring of Gyges really existed what would not be the case:
Most people would use it for good.
Everyone would use it for their own advantage.
Most people would not continue to act the way they normally do.
Everyone would use it to commit injustice
17. In the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, Glaukon suggests that people are “just” or good because:
they care more about others than they care about themselves.
They are moved by love of the gods.
They know that living justly is truly the best sort of life.
They are powerless to commit injustice and get away with it.
18. According to Rachels’ article “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, the “conventional doctrine” is endorsed by:
the American Medical Association.
Anyone with good moral judgment.
both a and b.
neither a nor b
19. In the “Ring of Gyges” excerpt from Plato’s Republic, Glaukon begins by claiming that “those who practice justice” do so
Because they know it is the right thing to do.
Because they are compelled by their conscience.
Because all of the parts of their character are harmoniously oriented toward the good.
Because they are incapable of doing otherwise
20. In “Active and Passive Euthanasia”, Rachels claims that most actual cases of killing, especially those outside of medical contexts:
are morally neither good nor bad
are morally the same as cases of letting die.
are morally worse than cases of letting die.
are morally better than actual cases of letting die
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