Properties of Motion and the Doppler ShiftAn extrasolar planet is a planet

that is outside the solar system and usually orbits a star other than the Sun. To understand the motion of extrasolar planets, you must understand the properties of motion and the Doppler shift.

Figure 1 and Figure 2 show the orbits of the same extrasolar planet and star from two different points of view. Note that these figures are not to scale. Figure 1 shows an extrasolar planet and star as seen from above, and Figure 2 shows an extrasolar planet and star as seen edge-on or from the side.

Light from a star is Doppler shifted when the object is moving either toward or away from an observer. If the object is moving toward the observer, the light is considered to be blueshifted. If the object is moving away from the observer, the light is considered to be redshifted.Use Figures 1 and 2 when answering the questions.

As an extrasolar planet orbits around a star, the gravitational attraction between the two objects causes the star to make a small orbit around the system’s center of mass. Which object travels in the largest orbit?

The extrasolar planet

The star

They both have the same size orbit

1 points   QUESTION 2

1. Which object takes a greater amount of time to complete one orbit?The extrasolar planetThe starThey both take the same amount of time

1 points   QUESTION 3

1. Because the extrasolar planet and the central star orbit around the system’s center of mass, and the center of mass is in the center of the orbits, the objects are always on the opposite side of the orbit from each other; they stay aligned with each other with the center of mass between them. This is the explanation for why _______.the extrasolar planet takes more time to complete one orbit than the starthe star takes a greater amount of time to complete one orbit than the extrasolar planetthe star takes the same amount of time to complete one orbit as the extrasolar planet

1 points   QUESTION 4

1. At the instant shown in Figure 1, in which direction is the extrasolar planet moving?Toward the bottom of the screenToward the top of the screenToward the sunInward toward the center of mass

1 points   QUESTION 5

1. At the instant shown in Figure 1, in which direction is the star moving?Toward the bottom of the screenToward the top of the screenToward the sunInward toward the center of mass

1 points   QUESTION 6

1. Based on Figure 1, at any given point in time, the extrasolar planet and the star are moving in the same direction. True False

1 points   QUESTION 7

1. Figure 2 shows the extrasolar planet and the star from the side or seen as edge-on. At the instant shown, in which direction is the planet moving?Coming out of the page directly toward youMoving into the page directly away from youToward the central starInward toward the center of mass

1 points   QUESTION 8

1. According to Doppler, how would the light from the star in Figure 1 be shifted?BlueshiftedRedshiftedNot shifted

1 points   QUESTION 9

1. Light from a star is Doppler shifted when the object is moving toward or away from us. True False

1 points   QUESTION 10

1. According to Doppler, how would the light from the star in Figure 2 be shifted?BlueshiftedRedshiftedNot shifted

1 points   QUESTION 11

1. According to Doppler, if an object is moving toward an observer, the light would be redshifted. True False

1 points   QUESTION 12

1. If you are unable to detect any Doppler shift from a star in an extrasolar planet system, how must this system be oriented with respect to your line of sight?Moving away from youMoving toward youNot moving toward or away from you

• Attachment 1
• Attachment 2

 

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