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The history of Myths

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Directions: Choose one of the prompts given below, develop a specific position in response to the chosen prompt, and write a paper that argues for that position in accordance with the specifications below. You may write on a topic of your own devising with prior permission from the instructor.

Citation format: References to the primary text (whether in the form of a quotation or not) require a citation. When you reference the primary text, please cite the line numbers that correspond to the specific passage under discussion, using parentheses. For example: “The first time Homer presents Zeus, we meet a lonely and aloof leader of the gods (Homer, Iliad 1.527- 29).” Do not use footnotes or endnotes, and since there is no need to use sources outside the primary text (Homer or Hesiod), no bibliography should be included.

Prompts (choose one):

  1. A myth about the creation of the first woman is told by Hesiod in both the Theogony (lines 570-627) and the Works and Days (lines 53-105), but with certain differences. Can any of those differences be explained in terms of Hesiod’s purpose in either work? A good response to this question should identify an overarching purpose in Hesiod’s composition of either work and show that some or all the distinctive details in that work’s narrative of the creation of the first woman are motivated by that purpose.
  2. Does Homer use myth as a vehicle for conveying a particular lesson about leadership in the Iliad? To answer this question successfully, you should identify one specific, well-defined lesson about leadership you see in the Iliad and use the examples of one or more characters to show how Homer impresses that lesson upon his audience’s mind.
  3. A Homeric simile can serve a number of purposes. Choose any one simile in the Iliad and explain its function(s) in its context. An essay successfully addressing this issue will consider both the content of the simile and its connection to the narrative in which it is embedded.
  4. Odysseus is renowned for his abilities of persuasion. Consider the speech he makes to Achilles in Book 9 of the Iliad (lines 229-310). What rhetorical techniques does he use in his attempt to persuade Achilles to return to the fighting? How does Odysseus craft his speech to fit the situation and mindset of Achilles?
  5. Why is Apollo on the side of the Trojans? At least two other well-known myths (one of which is mentioned by Poseidon at Iliad 21.454-69) involving Apollo’s interactions with the Trojans before their war with the Greeks would suggest that he did not have positive experiences with the Trojan ruling family, yet in the Iliad, he appears as their reliable supporter. Imagine that Homer consciously chose to make Apollo an ally of the Trojans, perhaps in contradiction of other myths surrounding the Trojan War. Why might he have done this? Are there reasons, narrative or thematic, that make sense of Apollo’s friendship with the Trojans (and enmity toward the Greeks) in the Iliad?

Evaluation
Meets the following formatting criteria.
• Font: Times New Roman
• Font size: 12
• Margins: 1” all around
• Length: 2 to 3 full pages
• Spacing: double-spaced

Adequately edits revise and proofreads the paper.
• It does not include distracting inconsistencies or errors in spelling, grammar, or
capitalization.
• Cites passages correctly and italicizes book titles.

Has a solid thesis.
• The thesis is clear, well-defined, and appropriate to the bounds of this project.
• The thesis is arguable: it does not present a fact or state the obvious. The thesis should indicate that the student has found complexity in the text beyond what a summary or surface reading would suggest.

Fully argues for the thesis.
• Supports assertions with specific and sufficient evidence from the text.
• It does not quote passages more fully than necessary or rehash the plot without cause.

Is well-organized.
• It maintains a coherent argument throughout the paper.
• Has an introduction that clearly states the thesis and gives a roadmap of the points the essay will make to argue the thesis.
• Has body paragraphs across which the parts of the overall argument are sensibly distributed.
• Has body paragraphs that are focused and coherent, each with a topic sentence (not a summary of the text) that introduces the purpose of the paragraph.

Sample Solution

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