QUESTION 1What heats up and cools down faster?

Land                  

The Indian Ocean                  

The Arctic Ocean                  

The Pacific Ocean

QUESTION 2

Why are air temperatures warmest in the mid afternoon and not at noontime, when solar radiation is at its maximum?

The lower sun angles in the mid-afternoon are the key. The lower sun angles interact more powerfully with the oxygen and nitrogen atoms, heating them more efficiently. In contrast, the noon (highest) sun angles appear transparent to oxygen and nitrogen. Oxygen and nitrogen are the key here, because they make up over 90% of the lower atmosphere.                  

Winds blow the heat around the best in the mid-afternoon.                  

The sun has had all day to heat up the atmosphere.                

Earth’s outgoing radiation is at its maximum in the mid-afternoon, and this longwave radiation heats air that we feel when we walk around.

QUESTION 3

What latitude receives the most insolation on the June 21st solstice?

Tropic of Capricorn                  

Tropic of Cancer                  

North Pole                  

Equator

QUESTION 4

Annual temperatures in North America typically reach their maximum at the end of July, and not during the June 21st solstice when insolation is greatest. Why is there this “lag” of more than a month between maximum insolation and maximum air temperatures?

It is a mystery that has never been solved.                

Even after the time of maximum insolation, the atmosphere continues to receive more energy from Earth’s emission of longwave radiation.

The atmosphere is like a giant battery that accumulates warmth over time.

Summer starts on June 21st, and so it is just logical that temperatures peak in the middle of summer or the very end of July.

QUESTION 5

Cold currents are found on the ________ coasts of continents.

East          

West         

North                  

South

 

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