This is a qualitative analysis, I already some of the work by finding t

This is a qualitative analysis, I already some of the work by finding
the article. the article is attach and instruction is below.
Directions:
1.State your approved topic
2. Title of articles (APA style)
2. Description of each article ( 2 – 3 pages)
3. Codes (5 – 10 defined codes)(attach codebook in appendix)
4. Themes or patterns (3 – 5 themes)
5. Contribution to Health Services Research (2 – 3 paragraphs)
6. Writes clearly, concisely, and with few errors. APA format is followed. Citations are used. Clearly presents material graphically. Easy to understand.
These are some steps I have answer.
Step 1:
Topic: Patient Satisfaction In Maternity Wards
Step 2:
Article title: Nurses’ Patient-Centeredness and Perceptions of Care among Medicaid Patients in Hospital Obstetrical Units.
Step3: List the codes you would use from this study
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Step 4: List five themes from the study
1
2
3
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5
Step #5: Theory – Determine any explanations or predictions observed, associated with topic of interest.

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Hindawi Publishing CorporationNursing Research and PracticeVolume 2013, Article ID 563282, 7 pageshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/563282Research ArticleNurses’ Patient-Centeredness and Perceptions of Care amongMedicaid Patients in Hospital Obstetrical UnitsStephen J. Aragon,1Liana J. Richardson,2Wanda Lawrence,3and Sabina B. Gesell41Winston-Salem State University, School of Business and Economics, Department of Management and Marketing,Healthcare Administration Program, Winston-Salem, NC 27110, USA2University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Sociology and Carolina Population Center, 155 Hamilton Hall,CB No.3210, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA3Winston-Salem State University, School of Health Sciences, Division of Nursing, Winston-Salem, NC 27110, USA4Wake Forest School of Medicine, Public Health Sciences, Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy,and Maya Angelou Center for Health Equity, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USACorrespondence should be addressed to Stephen J. Aragon; aragons@wssu.eduReceived 20 May 2013; Accepted 23 July 2013Academic Editor: Maria Helena Palucci MarzialeCopyright © 2013 Stephen J. Aragon et al. Tis is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properlycited.Objective. Tis study examined to what degree patient-centeredness—measured as an underlying ability of obstetrical nurses—inFuenced Medicaid patients’ satisfaction with care in hospital obstetrical units.Design. Multigroup structural equation modelingdesign, using three cross-sectional random samples (? = 300each) from the 2003 Press Ganey National Inpatient Database.Setting. Self-administered mail surveys.Participants. 900 Medicaid recipients recently discharged from inpatient hospital obstetricalunits across the United States.Methods. Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to test the goodness of ±t between ahypothesized model based on the Primary Provider Teory and patients’ ratings of nurses.Results.Temodel±ttedthedatawell,was stable across three random samples, and was sustained when compared to a competing model. Te patient-centeredness ofnurses signi±cantly inFuenced overall patient satisfaction and explained 66% of its variability. When nurses’ patient-centerednessincreased by one standard deviation, patients’ satisfaction increased by 0.80 standard deviation.Conclusion.Tisstudyo²ersanovelapproach to the measurement of the patient-centeredness of nurses and a paradigm for increasing it and its inFuence on Medicaidpatients’ satisfaction in hospital obstetrical units.1. IntroductionAlthough rates of maternal mortality are low in the UnitedStates [US], evidence is accumulating that the country’s ratesof maternalmorbidityduring labor and delivery are high[1] and rates of severe obstetric complications are increasing(e.g., hypertension [2], pulmonary embolism [3]). In addi-tion, it is well known that the US ranks behind most otherdeveloped countries in its rates of adverse birth outcomes,such as low birth weight [4], preterm birth [5–7], and infantmortality [4]. Persistent racial and socioeconomic disparitiesin adverse birth outcomes [8] and maternal morbidity [9]andmortality [10]alsohavebeenwelldocumented.Obstetrical (OB) units in hospitals can be crucial points ofintervention to prevent the negative consequences of mater-nal morbidity and especially conditions that give rise to earlylabor and delivery, such as hypertensive disorders. As in otherhealthcare settings, the provider-patient relationship in theOB unit is a central locus of communication, understanding,and delivery of care [11]. If women do not receive adequateinformation or care during their stay in an OB unit, it could bedetrimental for their own health as well as the health of theirinfants. High-quality care is, therefore, essential for maternaland infant health in OB settings [12].During the past decade, patient-centeredness has beenwidely acknowledged as a key component of high-quality
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2Nursing Research and Practicepatient care by the US Institute of Medicine [13]andtheUS Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [14, 15].Previous studies have revealed positive beneFts of patient-centeredness for patients, such as increased participation inthe clinical encounter [16], trust in their providers [17], andsatisfaction with care [16];betteradherencetotreatmentrecommendations [18]; and improved health outcomes [16–18]. Most investigations of patient-centeredness, however,have focused primarily on the encounter betweenphysiciansand patients. Tis emphasis ignores the very important roleofnurses, particularly in OB units where they are heavilyinvolved in educating, coaching, assisting, and providingroutine care to women during labor, childbirth, and recovery.In addition, a recurring methodological shortcoming inthe literature on patient-centeredness is the predominantfocus on assessing the independent e±ects of individual carebehaviors (e.g., listening carefully, explaining things clearly,or spending enough time with patients) rather than viewingthese behaviors as re²ection of a single underlying multi-variate construct, that is, a latent variable representing a trait(versus a state) of healthcare providers. As a result, a generallyaccepted measurement model of patient centeredness is non-existent, and current operational deFnitions lack su³cientspeciFcity, as described in detail elsewhere (e.g., [19, 20]).Call Out 1.Many investigations of patient-centeredness focusprimarily on the encounter between physicians and patients,ignoring the important role of nurses particularly in hospitalOB units.In this study, we examined whether patient-centerednessis a measurable underlying ability of OBnursesand theextent to which it positively in²uences satisfaction with careamong Medicaid patients in hospital OB units. We focused onMedicaid patients because of the greater burden of maternalmorbidity and adverse birth outcomes borne by womenof low socioeconomic status. We hypothesized a measure-ment model for the latent variable, patient-centeredness, todescribe it with greater reliability than previous studies, whilealso accounting for potential measurement error. Addition-ally, we applied the Primary Provider Teory, a generaliz-able theory of how the patient-centeredness of healthcareproviders a±ects patient outcomes (´igure 1).As previously described by Aragon and colleagues (e.g.,[19, 21]), the Primary Provider Teory holds that patient-centeredness is an underlying ability of healthcare providersthat in²uences outcomes rather than just a list of discretebehaviors or processes generally subsumed by the term“patient-centered care.” Consistent with this proposition,the theory also holds that clinical competency is a nec-essary, but insu³cient condition of healthcare quality anddesired outcomes, because the delivery of healthcare neces-sarily requires the provider’s interpersonal interaction withpatients. According to the theory, patient-centeredness isre²ected in a healthcare provider’s approachability, inter-personal competency, respectfulness, concern (for patients’best interests, feelings, and needs), and lack of prejudice. Italso re²ects the provider’s desire to communicate with andinform patients, as evidenced by an absence of dominationover patients, in favor of encouraging their participation inof associatesPatientoutcomesof waitingof providerEFectEFectEFectEFectEFectPatient-centerednessPatient-centerednessPatient-centeredness´µG¶·E 1: Primary Provider Teory. (Adapted from Aragon [19, 21,23].)Patientsatisfactionof nurseEFectPatient-centeredness´µG¶·E 2: Study hypothesis.the decision-making process. ´inally, the theory holds thatpatients are the best judges of the patient-centeredness oftheir health providers.A subproposition of the Primary Provider Teory isthat the patient-centeredness of the primary provider’s asso-ciates, in this instance nurses, also in²uences patient out-comes. Tus, in the present study, we hypothesized thata positive association between the patient-centeredness ofOB nurses and Medicaid patients’ satisfaction would beobserved (´igure 2). Accordingly, an increase in the patient-centeredness of OB nurses was expected to be associated withimprovement in satisfaction with care among Medicaid OBpatients.2. Methods2.1. Participants.All participant data came from the Press¸aney National Inpatient Database, which consists of datafrom over 1,000,000 recently discharged patients from over1,000 hospitals across 49 states. Te participant samplingframe was limited to females, Medicaid recipients, in 2003,whoreceivedcareinoneofthe730inpatientOBunitsfound in the hospital sample and who had full information
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