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Unit 1 Home Lab 4: Genetics and DNA

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Unit 1 Home Lab 4: Genetics and DNA

Points: 40p

Name:

Purpose (4p)

Lab Summary (6p)

Lab Answers (14p)

  1. Describe what you can see in the final DNA extraction solution. Is the precipitant bubbly or stringy? Does it stick together or does it form many islands?
  • List your phenotype for the tongue rolling, ear attachment, and hitch-hiker thumb traits in Table 4.1. Use the following notation:
  • If you can roll your tongue, then your phenotype is R.  If you cannot, then your phenotype is r.
  • If your earlobes are unattached, then your phenotype is U.  If your earlobes are attached, then your phenotype is u.
  • If you do not have a hitch-hiker thumb, then your phenotype is H.  If you do have a hitch-hiker thumb, then your phenotype is h. 

Use the information above to determine your possible genotypes and record them in Table 4.1. Notice that the phenotype for a given trait is recorded with a single letter, whereas the genotype requires two letters per trait.

Then, using what you have figured about your genotype, infer the different possible genotypes that your parents could have had. For instance, if you determine that your possible genotype for earlobe attachment is UU or Uu, then the possible parental genotypes are:

Possibleparents of UU:  UU ×UU; UU ×Uu;Uu × Uu

Possibleparents ofUu:  UU ×Uu; UU × uu;Uu × Uu;Uu × uu

For this question, do not ask your parents about their phenotypes! You will do this in question 3.  Question 2 is an exercise in inference based on your understanding of genetics.

Table 4.1.  Personal phenotype and genotype; inferred possible parental genotypes.

Trait   Your Phenotype Your possible Genotypes Inferred possible parental genotypes  
  Tongue rolling      (R or r)      
  Earlobe attachment      (U or u)      
  Hitch-hiker thumb      (H or h)      
  • Complete Table 4.2 for you, any blood relatives that you can ask (i.e., parents, siblings, children, etc.), and at least five unrelated “Others” (e.g., spouse, friends, co-workers, etc.).  As before, phenotypes for a given trait are recorded with a single letter. You may wish to report separately on your children and spouse in Table 4.3.

Table 4.2.  Observed parental, sibling, and other’s  phenotypes,

     Trait   Mother’s Phenotype Father’s Phenotype Relatives’ Phenotype(s) Others’ Phenotype(s)
  Tongue rolling      (R or r)              
  Earlobe attachment      (U or u)              
  Hitch-hiker thumb      (H or h)              

In Table 4.2, are there any traits that are particularly common or uncommon among you and your relatives, compared to the unrelated others?

Discussion and Conclusions (16p)

 
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