volcanic eruption

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Eruption of a volcanic centre – scenario
Assume Eyjafjallajökull (reference 9 below), a relatively small basaltic to andesitic volcano in the
south of Iceland, erupts again a week ago from today. The eruption is short-lived, producing an
eruption column consisting of ash from very fine to very coarse particles, much of which reaches
10 km altitude within 2 minutes, and then the eruption stops. The bustling metropolis of Reykjavik,
the nation’s largest city with 120,000 people, lies ~140 km northwest of Eyjafjallajökull. Assume that
there is a gentle 20 km.h-1 breeze blowing to the northwest at an altitude of 10 km. Otherwise, the
weather is clear and fine, with no rain. These meteorological conditions persist for the week following
the eruption. 1. What is the largest diameter particle that might fall on Reykjavik? Assume particles range from blocks the size of cars through to fine ash, and please show any working (hint: first calculate how long it will take the ash to reach Reykjavik) (4 marks, no length limit – expand the answer box if required)2. Would you issue an aviation alert 24 hours after the eruption? Justify your answer with
reference to the location of the alert and the maximum size of the particles. Assume meteorological
conditions remain the same (4 marks, no length limit – expand the answer box as required)

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