week 7     Reproductive Systems Case Studies (graded) Class, in this

week 7     Reproductive Systems Case Studies (graded) Class, in this thread we will be looking at reproductive systems and their related patient encounters. The purpose of this thread is to familiarize you with the Key Concepts found in TerminalCourse Objectives (TCOs) 9 and 10. You must address all of the questions located after the examples of the case study and patient encounter below. OPERATIVE CASE STUDY Preoperative Diagnosis: (1) Pregnancy, uterine, nondelivered at 40+3 weeks estimated gestational age, (2) arrest of dilation Surgeon: Randy Chornack, M.D. Anesthetist: Dr. Androsini Anesthesia: Continuous lumbar epidural Operation Performed: Lower primary cesarean section with Pfannenstiel skin incision and low transverse cervical uterine incision. Indications For Surgery: The patient is a 29-year-old female, G1 P0 (this abbreviation means the first pregnancy, and that the patient has never delivered a child), last menstrual period May 24, who presented at 40+3 weeks estimated gestational age in early active labor. The patient had progressed through the transition phase at which time an intrauterine pressure catheter was placed due to difficulty assessing contractions on the external monitor. She progressed to 6 cm with fetal vertex at 0 station and in the occiput anterior position. She was contracting every 2 to 3 minutes with contractions that were 64, representative of adequate labor. The fetus had an episode of bradycardia to the 80s lasting approximately 10–12, minutes which responded to resuscitative measures including positioning and application of oxygen with a return to a baseline of 160s with some hypervariability; however, no further deceleration (slowing of fetal heart rate). In the face of adequate spontaneous labor and failure to progress beyond 6 cm for a period of 2 hours and 30 minutes, a decision was made to proceed to primary cesarean delivery. Findings: At 10:03 p.m., the patient was delivered of a liveborn female infant with Apgar scores of 9 and 9 and weight of 3,422 g. Description of Operation: In the OR under continuous lumbar epidural, the patient was prepped and draped in the usual fashion for cesarean delivery including sterile insertion of Foley catheter. She was placed in the supine position with a right hip role. A Pfannenstiel skin incision was made, the rectus fascia was dissected off of the underlying muscles that were then separated in the midline, and the peritoneal cavity was entered. The visceroperitoneum overlying the lower uterine segment was elevated, incised, and the bladder was dissected away from the lower uterine segment. A low transverse cervical incision was made and was extended with the bandage scissors. The amniotic cavity was entered, revealing moderate meconium. The fetal vertex was palpated, elevated, and delivered. The baby was suctioned on the maternal abdomen. The remainder of the infant was delivered. The cord was doubly clamped and cut. The infant was passed up to the pediatricians in attendance. The placenta was manually extracted intact. It was a three-vessel cord. Pitocin and 2 gm of Ancef were added to the IV fluid after delivery of the placenta. The uterus was exteriorized and the uterine incision was examined. There was found to be a right inferolateral extension. There was also noted to be dissection in the myometrial layers of the lower uterine segment where a venous sinus had been entered with copious bleeding. This was controlled with interrupted figure-of-eight sutures and reapproximation of the myometrial layers. Closure of the right inferolateral extension incorporated the right uterine artery in the repair. This was closed in a running locking fashion with #1 chromic suture, as was the remainder of the uterine incision. Good hemostasis was obtained. The bladder flap was then approximated using a running stitch of 2-0 chromic suture. The abdominal cavity was thoroughly irrigated and suctioned free of clots. The uterus was returned to the abdominal cavity, the parietal peritoneum and the fascia were closed. The subcutaneous tissues were thoroughly irrigated and found to be hemostatic. The skin was closed with staples and sterile dressing was applied. The patient left for the recovery room in stable condition. She received 2400 cc of lactated Ringer's interoperatively and had 125 cc of urine output. Estimated blood loss was 1,000 cc. The patient tolerated the procedure well. There were no complications. Addendum: The pediatricians suctioned the infant postpartum, revealing no meconium below the cord. OUTPATIENT OFFICE ENCOUNTER Susan Barnes presents to the office today with a low-grade fever and lower abdominal discomfort. She states that she has a strong, persistent urge to urinate and that when she does, she experiences a burning sensation. Her urine is smoky brown in color and has a strong smell to it. We have requested a clean-catch urine specimen from the patient and will order a stat urinalysis and urine culture. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS: 1.Given the above Operative Case Study, identify one or two situations in which appropriately and accurately used medical terminology enables health information professionals to successfully support clinical staff functions 2. Reviewing the outpatient encounter of Susan Barnes, accomplish the following and report in your findings and comments in your post. A. Go to Learn about a test in the A.D.A.M. multimedia encyclopedia. Read all the information under urinalysis and look at the two images. After reading the material, summarize, or paraphrase any information that you use in response to the discussion questions this week. Be sure and cite your source appropriately. Do not copy and paste information. B. Why is a urinalysis considered a diagnostic test? 3. General questions A. Define the structures of the male reproductive system. B. Define the structures of the female reproductive system. C. Discuss briefly the cycle of pregnancy and childbirth.   QUIZZES   (TCO 1) Match the following medical terms with the correct meaning. Student Answer: : appendicitis »: inflammation of the appendix : » : joint pain » : white blood cells » : surrounding birth » : surgical removal of the tonsils Question 2. Question : (TCO 2) Match the following suffix with the correct meaning. Student Answer: :   –tomy » : –plasty » : –stomy » : –osis : –megaly Question 3. Question : (TCO 1) The term meaning inflammation of the nose is ___________ Student Answer:   arteriosclerosis abdominocentesis rhinitis arthralgia Question 4. Question : (TCO 1) Which is the correct spelling of the term meaning wound or injury? Student Answer: thrauma trauma trawma truama Question 5. Question : (TCO 1) Which combining form means both spinal cord and bone marrow? Student Answer: my/o myc/o myel/o py/o Question 6. Question : (TCO 1) Which combining form means red? Student Answer: cyan/o erythr/o leuk/o melan/o Question 7. Question : (TCO 1) Which term describes a disease or procedure named for the person who first discovered it? Student Answer: acronym eponym syndrome prognosis Question 8. Question : (TCO 2) Which term means the defective development or congenital absence of an organ or tissue? Student Answer: aplasia hyperplasia hypoplasia adenosis Question 9. Question : (TCO 2) Which term means abnormal development or growth, especially of cells? Student Answer: anaplasia aplasia dysplasia adenosclerosis Question 10. Question : (TCO 2) Muscular dystrophy is which type of disorder? Student Answer: anomaly congenital genetic infectious Question 11. Question : (TCO 2) Which term means the study of the nature and causes of diseases? Student Answer: epidemiology pathology anatomy physiology Question 12. Question : (TCO 2) Which term means inflammation of a gland? Student Answer: adenitis adenoma adenosclerosis anaplasia           week 2         TCO 3(TCO 5) Match the following combining form with the definition. : pharyng/o » : gastr/o : pancreat/o : prostat/o : ren/o Question 2. Question : (TCO 5) Match the following term with the description : uvula » : gingival : papillae : rugae » : pyloric sphincter » Question 3. Question : (TCO 5) What term means abnormal enlargement of the liver? colitis hepatomegaly gastrorrhea cirrhosis Question 4. Question : (TCO 5) What combining form means liver? GASTR/O HEPAT/O COL/O CHOL/E Question 5. Question : (TCO 5) What combining form means to digest or digestion? AN/O CEC/O ENTER/O PEPS/O Question 6. Question : (TCO 5) Surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the body surface colostomy enterocolostomy gastroduodenostomy gastrostomy Question 7. Question : (TCO 5) Surgical creation of a connection between the stomach and duodenum gastroduodenostomy gastrostomy ileostomy enterocolostomy Question 8. Question : (TCO 5) Which term means an inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney? nephroptosis nephropyosis nephrolysis pyelonephritis Question 9. Question : (TCO 5) What combining form means stone or calculus? CYST/O PYEL/O LITH/O REN/O : Question 10. Question : (TCO 5) What is the basic functional unit of the kidney? nephron ureter renal pelvis meatus Question 11. Question : (TCO 5) What of these is the term to describe the process of inserting a tube through the urethra and into the urinary bladder? cathaterization catheterization cathiterization None of the above Question 12. Question : (TCO 5) What suffix means urination or relating to urine? -ITIS -ALGIA -ECTASIS -URIA           week 3   Weiz (TCO 4) Match the following medical terms with the meaning. 5 : bronchitis : antitussive : bronchodilator : bronchorrhagia : bronchorrhea Question 2. Question : (TCO 4) Match the following terms with the combining form.   : tox/o » : : phag/o »   : lymphaden/o »   : sarc/o »   : immun/o Question 3. Question : (TCO 4) Which structure is NOT part of the immune system? tonsils liver spleen appendix Question 4. Question : (TCO 4) Which term is the name of the inner layer of the heart? endocardium epicardium pericardium myocardium Question 5. Question : (TCO 4) Which of these is the medical term for a heart attack? cardiomyopathy congestive heart failure tachycardia myocardial infarction Question 6. Question : (TCO 4) Severe episodes of chest pain due to ischemia are known as ______. angina pectoris dyscrasia arteriosclerosis cardiomyopathy Question 7. Question : (TCO 4) Which of these medications is a clot-dissolving drug? ACE-inhibitor calcium channel blocker thrombolytic vasodilator Question 8. Question : (TCO 4) Which term means to create an opening and insert a tube into the windpipe? laryngectomy tracheostomy bronchoscopy thoracostomy Question 9. Question : (TCO 4) A malignant tumor arising from cartilagenous tissue would be called: Chondroma Chondrosarcoma Chondrocarcinoma Malignant carcinoma Question 10. Question : (TCO 4) Which term means difficult or labored breathing? apnea Cheyne-Stokes respiration dyspnea dysphagia Question 11. Question : (TCO 4) What structure acts as a lid to prevent food from entering the lungs during swallowing? Adam s apple epiglottis larynx esophagus Question 12. Question : (TCO 4) Which term means rapid breathing? apnea dyspnea tachypnea eupnea           week 4   (TCO 5) Match the following combining form with the definition. : pharyng/o » : gastr/o : pancreat/o : prostat/o : ren/o Question 2. Question : (TCO 5) Match the following term with the description : uvula » : gingival : papillae : rugae » : pyloric sphincter » Question 3. Question : (TCO 5) What term means abnormal enlargement of the liver? colitis hepatomegaly gastrorrhea cirrhosis Question 4. Question : (TCO 5) What combining form means liver? GASTR/O HEPAT/O COL/O CHOL/E Question 5. Question : (TCO 5) What combining form means to digest or digestion? AN/O CEC/O ENTER/O PEPS/O Question 6. Question : (TCO 5) Surgical creation of an opening between the colon and the body surface colostomy enterocolostomy gastroduodenostomy gastrostomy Question 7. Question : (TCO 5) Surgical creation of a connection between the stomach and duodenum gastroduodenostomy gastrostomy ileostomy enterocolostomy Question 8. Question : (TCO 5) Which term means an inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney? nephroptosis nephropyosis nephrolysis pyelonephritis Question 9. Question : (TCO 5) What combining form means stone or calculus? CYST/O PYEL/O LITH/O REN/O : Question 10. Question : (TCO 5) What is the basic functional unit of the kidney? nephron ureter renal pelvis meatus Question 11. Question : (TCO 5) What of these is the term to describe the process of inserting a tube through the urethra and into the urinary bladder? cathaterization catheterization cathiterization None of the above Question 12. Question : (TCO 5) What suffix means urination or relating to urine? -ITIS -ALGIA -ECTASIS -URIA :     week 5 TCO 6) Match the following combining form with the definition. : caus/o » : myel/o : mening/o : psych/o : esthet/o Question 2. Question : (TCO 6) Match the following medical terms with the related description or definition. : dendrite : axon : neuroglia : synapse : terminal end fiber Question 3. Question : (TCO 6) What term means inflammation of the brain? polyneuritis meningitis dementia encephalitis Question 4. Question : (TCO 6) Which test records electrical activity of the brain? CT scan electrocardiogram electromyography electroencephalogram Question 5. Question : (TCO 6) What combining form means gray matter of nerves? POLI/O NEUR/O MYEL/O ENCEPHAL/O Question 6. Question : (TCO 6) What term means inflammation affecting many nerves? meningitis polyneuritis encephalitis polyarthritis Question 7. Question : (TCO 6) What term means to suture the ends of a severed nerve? neurorrhaphy neurectomy neurotomy neuroplasty Question 8. Question : (TCO 6) In which condition is central vision lost while peripheral vision likely remains? diabetic retinopathy glaucoma macular degeneration otalgia Question 9. Question : (TCO 6) A specialist in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the eye. ophthalmologist audiologist optometrist optician Question 10. Question : (TCO 6) Which condition is also known as double vision? amblyopia diplopia nyctalopia dysplopia Question 11. Question : (TCO 6) Involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball is known as _____. nystagmus cerumen fluorescein aphakia Question 12. Question : (TCO 6) Which test measures intraocular pressure? refraction Snellen test tonometry tympanometry         week 6     (TCO 7) Match the following combining form with the correct definition. Student Answer: : lip/o : onych/o » : pil/o » : melan/o : albin/o Question 2. Question : (TCO 8) Match the following combining forms with the correct definition. Student Answer: CORRECT 5 : rhytid/o 2 : pedicu/o 4 : xer/o 3 : erythr/o 1 : bi/o » Question 3. Question : (TCO 7) What term is also known as hives? urticaria bulla onychomycosis rhinophyma Question 4. Question : (TCO 7) Which tissue layer does not contain any blood vessels or connective tissue? dermis endodermis epidermis subcutaneous Question 5. Question : (TCO 7) Which is the medical term for nail? onych/o T trich/o pil/o seb/o Question 6. Question : (TCO 7) This genetic condition results in the absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes: albinism melanosis vitiglio ecchymosis Question 7. Question : (TCO 7) Which substance produces itching when released in response to allergens? collagen heparin histamine All of the above Question 8. Question : (TCO 8) The onset of puberty is sometimes delayed due to the insufficient secretion of sex hormones, also known as: gynecomastia hypothyroidism hypogonadism hypoadrenalism Question 9. Question : (TCO 8) Diabetes Mellitus is associated with high blood sugar, known as: : hypocalcemia hypoglycemia hyperglycemia hypercalcemia Question 10. Question : (TCO 8) This eye disease is a complication of Diabetes Mellitus: otitis media retinopathy polyneuropathy None of the above Question 11. Question : (TCO 8) Somatotropin is another name for ____ hormone. antidiuretic diuretic thyroid growth Question 12. Question : (TCO 8) One of the symptoms of diabetes mellitus is polyphagia, which means: excessive hunger excessive thirst excessive sweating difficulty swallowing             Week 7   (TCO 9) Matching the medical terms with correct meanings. : has given birth two or more times : has never been pregnant : has never delivered a baby : the first pregnancy : the first delivery Question 2. Question : (TCO 10) Matching the medical terms with correct meanings. bacteria in the urine in the urine glucose in the urine : excess serum protein in the urine pus in the urine Question 3. Question : (TCO 9) OOPHOR/O means ____. fallopian tube uterus endometrium ovary Question 4. Question : (TCO 9) The term that means pain during menstruation is ____. menometrorrhagia polymenorrhea dyspareunia dysmenorrhea Question 5. Question : (TCO 9)The medical term for an undescended testicle is: Student Answer: cryptorchidism orchiditis phimosis varicocele Question 6. Question : (TCO 9) COLP/O means ____. ovary uterus vagina cervix Question 7. Question : (TCO 9) An exfoliative biopsy of the cervix and surrounding tissues is known as a: colposcopy Pap smear D&C laparoscopy : Question 8. Question : (TCO 10) Which test is used to diagnose conditions associated with abnormal clotting times and to monitor anticoagulant therapy? hematocrit test prothrombin time hemoglobin lipid panel Question 9. Question : (TCO 10) Which examination technique uses a combination of radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce images? CT fluoroscopy MRI x-ray Question 10. Question : (TCO 10) A drug that eases the pain or severity of symptoms of a disease but does not cure it is called: S idiosyncratic a placebo palliative none of the above Question 11. Question : (TCO 10) A sign of infection is leukocytosis, which means: elevated platelets elevated white blood cells elevated red blood cells elevated hemoglobin Question 12. Question : (TCO 10) Which finding on a urinalysis is commonly due to diabetes? hematuria albuminuria glycosuria pyuria

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