What do your observations reveal about the site you visited in relation to two theories of gender?
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For this essay, I was asked to go out to a Sikh temple, and make observations. Based on those observations, and theories taken from the textbook, we have to write a 7 paragraph essay, (300 words for each paragraph)
The following is a detail to the format of the essay:
P1 – Introduction (=thesis paragraph)
P2 – Description of pattern of
observations O1
P3 – Brief explanation of theory T1; analysis of pattern O1 using theory T1
P4 – Description of pattern of observations O2
P5 – Brief explanation of theory T2; analysis of pattern O2 using theory T2
P6 – Limitations
P7 – Conclusion
I have attached dot jots of what i want I’m looking for in each paragraph. You do have full creativity rights, aka play around with what you want to add to take away from each paragrph.
P1:
Introduction:
Question to answer: What do your observations reveal about the site you visited in relation to two theories of gender?
Theses: The observations made on the site relieve that Sikhism is similar to many religious where there is power hierarchy in relation to gender, men seem to be placed on a pedestaled when compared with women in the temple.
P2: Description of observation:
There were pictures of Guru’s (religious leaders) placed all around temple.
There are a total of 10 guru’s
Many artworks were hung around the temple
Pictures showed a story of men being mutilated and killed with medievalist torture devices.
Pictures conveyed a story of a great war with the men
The only image of women was of women running away from the fight.
Men were leading and singing the religious events
P3: Theory used:
Nye states that “power works within all social relationships, not simply from the top (ruling class) down”
When you place men as leaders in a religious context this intern creates the element of patriarchy. This intern controls woman within the religion, and generates a power difference between the genders.
This patriarchy and imbalance of power was observed in the temple, as all the leaders were men, all the singers were men, the fighters depicted in the pictures were men.
P4: Observation 2:
All men and women entering removed their shoes when entering the temple.
Men and women are required to wear head coverings
Men wore turbans whereas women wore head scarfs over their head.
Men had full sleeves cloths where as some women wore halve sleeves shirts.
One women was wearing a head covering inside the temple, and when she left the temple, she took her scarf off.
Men usually spoke with full volume, whereas women tended to be quitter.
Men had a very dominance to the way they walked. Heavy, longer steps, faster pase
Women tended to have a slower, shorter-stepped, light walking style.
P5:
Theory 2:
Nye argues that Muslim women wear head coverings as “women rather than men have the responsibility for upholding decency”
This suggest that the purpose of the head covering is to look modest, and respectful. And that women take the most of the burden of being decent, they are the ones that wear the head coverings
This can be compared with the observations made in the temple. The definition of being “decent” does not fully depend on the head coverings.
Decency in this context can be applied to the behaviour of the two sexes.
Women kept a lower profile (aka being more quite and walked at a slower more respectable manner). Whereas men were the opposite (please see the observations above)
All these patterns lead to overall appearance that men had a stronger, and more prominent roll in the temple, compared with women.
P6: Limitation:
There are many limitations to the arguments presented in this essay.
Although having male leaders, and pictures of men winning war does create an imbalance in power. It is important to analyze weather this is what women of the religion perceive as well. It is possible that women feel protected and cared for when recalling the history of the sacrifice men gave, therefore a sense of importance. Since there was no evidence of patriarchy (such as segregated segments for the sex, men being given an particular advantage etc) present it is hard to fully conclude that a patriarchy exists.
Decently does not necessary the only reason for speaking at a quitter manner, and nimbly walking. This can also be a direct relationship to the biological differences of the two sexes. Therefore observation of the behaviour of these men and women outside the temple would be necessary as a control measure to conclude and argument.
P7: Conclusion:
Full text of theory used from book:
T1: “Taking some of the ideas from the previous chapter, it is worth exploring how we can analyse religion as an ideology in terms of gender (rather than class) difference. Michel Foucault’s argument that power works within all social relationships, not simply from the top (ruling class) down, suggests that power is an element of gender division. In contemporary western cultures, such as the USA and Britain, as well as many non-western societies, there is a clear difference in power relations between women and men.
Patriarchy, the organisation of societies so that men tend to exert a large degree of control and power over women is fairly ubiquitous. A large part of the agenda of contemporary feminist movements is to make a political, economic, and cultural challenge
to patriarchy – at the level of both the state, and individual people’s lives (hence the well-known phrase ‘the personal is the political’). One means by which the power imbalance can be challenged, and changed, is through an understanding of how such power works – how it is justified, as well as its social and economic underpinnings.
As I have mentioned above, some feminist writers – such as Mary Daly (1973) – have singled out religion as a basic element of patriarchy, since many religions seem to give women a particularly hard time. A Marx-derived perspective argues that the image of god is used by those in power as a misrepresentation of the struggle of class against class. This can be reworked as a feminist argument that the male creator god (of Christianity and other religions) is a tool of the oppression of women – gender against gender, rather than class against class. Such a god is no more than a matter of men writing their political dominance on to ‘heaven’, and the institutions which men produce for such a god, particularly churches, are key tools for controlling women.”
T2: “In the context of Egypt in the late twentieth century, Hala Shukrallah (1994) explores the possible reasons why Muslim women do ‘still’ wear the veil, or more correctly the hijab head- scarf. First, she notes that women are often given the task of symbolically representing traditional values. That is, women rather than men have the responsibility for upholding decency, Islamic and Muslim values, and morals in times of rapid social, economic, and cultural change. Hence, ‘decent’ behaviour by women, such as the wearing of ‘proper’ and modest religious dress, becomes imperative not only for the women themselves, but also for the sake of society as a whole, both women and men.”
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