Which of the following occurs during infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)? Histamine and other inflammatory chemicals cause the baby’s bronchioles to constrict.

Which of the following occurs during infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS)?

Histamine and other inflammatory chemicals cause the baby’s bronchioles to constrict.
The baby’s cilia are damaged or destroyed, and only coughing can prevent mucus from accumulating in the lungs.
The baby is unable to keep his or her alveoli inflated between breaths because of a lack of surfactant.
The pleurae produce an excessive amount of fluid, putting pressure on the baby’s lungs, hindering breathing.

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