Which of the following best represents the concept of replacement, reduction, and refinement when using nonhuman primates in biomedical research?

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Which of the following best represents the concept of replacement, reduction, and refinement when using nonhuman primates in biomedical research?

Relieve procedural pain by administration of appropriate use of analgesic or anesthetic drugs.
Replace primates with a less expensive lab animal species that is not as good a model for the problem being studied.
Restrain primates manually for a painful procedure instead of administering sedative drugs to lessen distress.
Refine the protocol to use a minimally invasive technique such as laparoscopic surgery instead of an open abdominal procedure.
Reduce the number of animals to be used as long as the numbers remain sufficient to generate a valid conclusion.

 
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Which of these statements regarding euthanasia is a valid statement? Only agents listed in the AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia as acceptable may be used in a scientific protocol. The inclusion of conditionally acceptable methods in your protocol can be approved by the attending veterinarian. Experimental criteria are the primary determinants of the euthanasia method chosen for the animal. The inclusion of conditionally acceptable methods in your protocol may require scientific justification in order to obtain IACUC approval.

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Which of these statements regarding euthanasia is a valid statement?

Only agents listed in the AVMA Guidelines on Euthanasia as acceptable may be used in a scientific protocol.
The inclusion of conditionally acceptable methods in your protocol can be approved by the attending veterinarian.
Experimental criteria are the primary determinants of the euthanasia method chosen for the animal.
The inclusion of conditionally acceptable methods in your protocol may require scientific justification in order to obtain IACUC approval.

 
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Which of the following animals could most reasonably be expected to be in pain? A squirrel monkey that ignores its normal diet in favor of raisins offered by research technicians A rhesus macaque that grimaces when a new technician approaches its cage A baboon that allows a lower ranking animal to groom it A cynomolgus monkey that has not eaten in three days

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Which of the following animals could most reasonably be expected to be in pain?

A squirrel monkey that ignores its normal diet in favor of raisins offered by research technicians
A rhesus macaque that grimaces when a new technician approaches its cage
A baboon that allows a lower ranking animal to groom it
A cynomolgus monkey that has not eaten in three days

 
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Which statement is TRUE? NHPs used in research are more often imported directly from wild populations so that the natural disease states can be studied. Wild populations of NHPs are no longer a main source for research programs because countries of origin are charging more for their export. The quality of available NHPs for research has declined as fewer countries allow the exportation of wild-caught NHPs. NHPs are considered potential sources of infection for existing colony primates and for personnel, whether wild-caught or purpose-bred.

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Which statement is TRUE?

NHPs used in research are more often imported directly from wild populations so that the natural disease states can be studied.
Wild populations of NHPs are no longer a main source for research programs because countries of origin are charging more for their export.
The quality of available NHPs for research has declined as fewer countries allow the exportation of wild-caught NHPs.
NHPs are considered potential sources of infection for existing colony primates and for personnel, whether wild-caught or purpose-bred.

 
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