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The most powerful research tool is a (an) A. Clinical study. B. Experiment. C. Survey. D. Correlational study. 21. A major disadvantage of the experimental method is that A. Private funding can never be obtained. B. APA Ethical Review Committees often do not approve of the research techniques. C. There is a certain amount of artificiality attached to it. D. Subjects are difficult to find for research projects.

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20. The most powerful research tool is a (an) A. Clinical study. B. Experiment. C. Survey. D. Correlational

study.  

21. A major disadvantage of the experimental method is that A. Private funding can never be obtained. B. APA Ethical Review Committees often do not approve of the research techniques. C. There is a certain amount of artificiality attached to it. D. Subjects are difficult to find for research projects.  

22. A researcher determines that the crime rate in a large city fluctuates with the phases of the moon. He concludes that the gravitational pull of the moon influences human behavior. He has committed what error? A. He incorrectly inferred correlation from causation. B. He incorrectly inferred causation from correlation. C. He failed to measure the gravitational pull to test his hypothesis. D. He has overlooked the placebo effect.  

23. Students who do better in high school tend to do better in college. This is an example of A. A negative correlation. B. A zero correlation. C. A positive correlation. D. A perfect correlation.  

24. In the traditional learning experiment, the effect of practice on performance is investigated. Performance is the __________ variable. A. Independent B. Extraneous C. Dependent D. Control 

 25. Collection of observable evidence, precise definition, and replication of results all form the basis for A. Scientific observation. B. The scientific method. C. Defining a scientific problem. D. Hypothesis generation. 

 26. An advantage of the experimental method in psychology is A. The identification of a cause- and-effect relationship. B. Similar to the correlational method in that causality is determined. C. That the surroundings are always similar to real life experiences. D. That it is an informal way to investigate behavior.  

27. A correlation coefficient of 0 means that there is A. A strong negative relationship between the two variables. B. A strong positive relationship between the two variables. C. A perfect positive relationship between the two variables. D. No relationship between the two variables.  

28. The independent variable in an experiment is A. The subject himself. B. A measure of the subject’s behavior. C. The variable that the experimenter chooses to manipulate. D. Any unwanted variable that may adversely affect the subject’s performance.  

29. In order to summarize or organize a series of observations in some meaningful way, psychologists may develop A. Hypotheses. B. Experiments. C. Surveys. D. Theories. 

 
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